In the fixed-ratio schedule, resistance to extinction increases as the ratio increases. In the fixed-interval schedule, resistance to extinction increases as the interval lengthens in time. Out of the four types of partial reinforcement schedules,
the variable-ratio
is the schedule most resistant to extinction.
Which has the greatest resistance to extinction?
In the fixed-ratio schedule, resistance to extinction increases as the ratio increases. In the fixed-interval schedule, resistance to extinction increases as the interval lengthens in time. Out of the four types of partial reinforcement schedules,
the variable-ratio
is the schedule most resistant to extinction.
What does it mean when resistance to extinction is high quizlet?
Resistance to extinction – the extent to which responding persists during extinction. high resistance to extinction =
response that is very persistent
.
low
resistance to extinction = response that disappears quickly.
What is the behavioral term describing the extent to which responding persists after an extinction procedure is implemented?
Successful extinction procedures
Extinction is considered successful when responding in the presence of an extinction stimulus (a red light or a teacher not giving a bad student attention, for instance) is zero. When a behavior reappears again after it has gone through extinction, it is called
resurgence
.
Do we use physical punishment in May?
The use of physical punishment may do what? … This
temporary state may (negatively) reinforce parents’ punishing behavior
. 2) Punishment teaches discrimination among situations.
What does resistance to extinction mean?
the endurance or persistence of a conditioned response in the absence of reinforcement
.
Why is extinction resistance important?
The fact that
intermittent reinforcement
produces persistence or resistance to extinction is an important insight for parents. … In effect, they are putting the child on an intermittent reinforcement schedule. This makes the tantrums harder to stop in the future.
Which of the following is resistance to extinction?
Resistance to Extinction: Refers to an individual continuing to respond even after reinforcement has been removed from the equation. Some things that can cause resistance to extinction include: thinner reinforcement schedules,
intermittent schedules of reinforcement
, and variable schedules of reinforcement.
How is resistance to extinction affected by the history of reinforcement the magnitude of reinforcement the degree of deprivation and previous experience with extinction?
How is resistance to extinction affected by history of reinforcement, magnitude of reinforcement, degree of deprivation, and previous experience with extinction? …
With repeated sessions of extinction the amount of recovery gradually diminishes
.
What are two factors that may influence resistance to extinction?
A number of factors can influence how resistant a behavior is to extinction.
The strength of the original conditioning can
play an important role. The longer the conditioning has taken place and the magnitude of the conditioned response may make the response more resistant to extinction.
What aspect of a partial reinforcement schedule contributes most strongly to a behaviors resistance to extinction?
Among the reinforcement schedules,
variable ratio
is the most productive and the most resistant to extinction. Fixed interval is the least productive and the easiest to extinguish (Figure 1). Figure 1. The four reinforcement schedules yield different response patterns.
Which schedules are least resistant to extinction?
Among the different types of reinforcement schedules, the variable-ratio schedule (VR) is the most resistant to extinction whereas
the continuous schedule
is the least
7
.
The greater the level of deprivation
, the greater the resistance to extinction. When sessions of extinction are alternated with sessions of reinforcement, the greater the number of prior exposures to extinction, the quicker the behavior will extinguish during subsequent exposures.
Is spanking illegal?
Is Spanking Legal in California? In California, the punishment must fit the crime. As such,
spanking is considered legal if it is justified for the situation and not excessive
. Courts will often look at the events leading up to the spanking to determine if it is justified.
When did teachers stop hitting students USA?
In
1977
, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in its Ingraham v. Wright decision that school corporal punishment is constitutional, leaving states to decide whether to allow it.
Who proposed the response inhibition theory of extinction?
Given this,
Guthrie’s
theory of extinction is simply as follows: When a given response no longer leads to reinforcement, other responses may now be made after it that will overlay (and thus compete with) it. Accordingly, the principle of postremity will now support the expression of the later responses.
Which of the following schedules of reinforcement is most resistant to extinction?
Among the reinforcement schedules,
variable ratio
is the most productive and the most resistant to extinction. Fixed interval is the least productive and the easiest to extinguish (Figure 1).
Why is partial reinforcement resistant to extinction?
1 In partial (or intermittent) reinforcement, the response is reinforced only part of the time. Learned behaviors are acquired more slowly with partial reinforcement, but
the response is more resistant to extinction
. Think of the earlier example in which you were training a dog to shake and.
What are three paradoxical effects of extinction?
15) The paradoxical reward effects are
magnitude reinforcement effect, partial reinforcement effect, and the overtraining extinction effect
.
What factors influence extinction?
Anthropogenic factors constitute the primary deterministic causes of species declines, endangerment and extinction:
land development, overexploitation, species translocations and introductions, and pollution
.
What is extinction learning?
Extinction learning refers to
the gradual decrease in response to a conditioned stimulus
that occurs when the stimulus is presented without reinforcement. … During extinction, a new association with the stimulus is learned that inhibits the expression of the original fear memory.
Is more resistant to extinction than?
Partial reinforcement schedules
are more resistant to extinction than continuous reinforcement schedules. Ratio schedules are more resistant than interval schedules and variable schedules more resistant than fixed ones. Momentary changes in reinforcement value lead to dynamic changes in behavior.
When extinction occurs for a behavior that was continuously reinforced?
Extinction is a basic behavioral principle. It occurs when a
previously reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced
, and as a result, the behavior decreases and stops occurring.
What form of extinction is used when the reinforcer maintaining behavior is withheld?
What form of extinction is used when the reinforcer (or reinforcers) maintaining a behavior is withheld?
Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR)
(The behavior analyst delivers stimuli with known reinforcing properties to an individual on a fixed-time or variable-time schedule completely independent of responding.)
Which is an example of extinction of a behavior maintained by negative reinforcement?
Another form of this procedure is extinction on behaviors maintained by negative reinforcement. This is commonly referred to as “escape extinction.” Example:
Dannie throws a tantrum when she doesn’t want to eat her food
. … This is commonly referred to as “sensory extinction.”
What is the main effect of an extinction procedure?
What is the main effect of an extinction procedure?
Behavior decreases or stops entirely
.
What happens during extinction How does extinction relate to spontaneous recovery?
Spontaneous recovery is
the return of conditioned responses elicited by the CS after time passes following extinction
, and is usually interpreted as the indication that during extinction, a transient inhibitory association superimposed on the CS-US association decreases conditioned responses without destroying the …
Which of the following is not an example of extinction?
She tries again a week later and the same thing happens
. From then on, she never tries the machine again. Joe works as a custodian and does not like cleaning the restrooms. When he is asked to, he makes up an excuse on why he can’t clean them.
What is an approach to the study of learning that focuses on the thought processes that underlie learning?
Cognitive learning theory
. An approach to the study of learning that focuses on the thought processes that underlie learning.
Which of the following is a side effect of extinction?
Findings from basic and applied research suggest that treatment with operant extinction may produce adverse side effects; two of these commonly noted are an increase in the frequency of the target response (extinction burst) and
an increase in aggression (extinction-induced aggression)
.
What is a positive Punisher?
Definition. Positive punishment is
a form of behavior modification
. … Positive punishment is adding something to the mix that will result in an unpleasant consequence. The goal is to decrease the likelihood that the unwanted behavior will happen again in the future.
Which of the following is an example of the behavioral process known as extinction *?
Extinction in Operant Conditioning
Operant extinction refers to the weakening and eventual stop of the voluntary, conditioned response. For example, a
child associates the sound of a microwave with her favorite snack, and she rushes into the kitchen
.
What is the most important factor to remember about extinction?
There are five major causes of extinction:
habitat loss, an introduced species, pollution, population growth, and overconsumption
. Through the activity, students will create a list of reasons why animals can become extinct.
What does it mean when resistance to extinction is high quizlet?
Resistance to extinction – the extent to which responding persists during extinction. high resistance to extinction =
response that is very persistent
.
low
resistance to extinction = response that disappears quickly.
What are the 4 partial schedules of reinforcement and how do they differ?
There are four types of partial reinforcement schedules:
fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval and variable interval schedules
. … This is the schedule where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses.
Which of the following are factors that influence the effectiveness of reinforcement?
- Satiation: the degree of need. …
- Immediacy: the time elapsed between the desired behavior and the reinforcement. …
- Size: the magnitude of a reward or punishment can have a big effect on the degree of response.
Which of these reinforcement schedules is most resistant to extinction quizlet?
Partial reinforcement schedules
are more resistant to extinction than continuous reinforcement schedules. Ratio schedules are more resistant than interval schedules and variable schedules more resistant than fixed ones.
Why is the variable ratio schedule most resistant to extinction?
Variable ratios
In variable ratio schedules, the individual does not know how many responses he needs to engage in before receiving reinforcement; therefore,
he will continue to engage in the target behavior
, which creates highly stable rates and makes the behavior highly resistant to extinction.
Is a schedule of reinforcement in which every correct response is reinforced?
Continuous reinforcement
occurs when each and every correct response is followed by a reinforcer. … This is called the partial reinforcement effect. In a fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement, a certain number of responses are required before reinforcement is given.
Is slapping your kid illegal?
It might sound hard to believe, but the United States does not currently have federal laws prohibiting the use of corporal punishment. So
it isn’t technically illegal to hit your kid in any state
, according to Babble.
Is grounding your child illegal?
It is entirely lawful for parents to force their kids to go to school or to ground them. In fact, it is
the legal responsibility of parents to require their children to
attend school (or to home school them) in the US.
