Temperate phage: Phage which can undergo either virion-productive or lysogenic cycles
What is known as temperate phage?
noun, plural: temperate phages.
A bacteriophage that displays lysogenic life cycle
in contrast to virulent phage that does not have the ability to display lysogeny (especially following mutation). Supplement. Many temperate phages are capable of integrating their genome into the genome of their host.
What does temperate phage do?
Temperate phages are considered as
natural vectors for gene transmission among bacteria
due to the ability to integrate their genomes into a host chromosome, therefore, affect the fitness and phenotype of host bacteria.
Which phase is a temperate phage?
Temperate bacteriophages display
a lysogenic life cycle
, which requires them to integrate their viral genome into the bacterial chromosome. This is in contrast to virulent bacteriophages, which immediately produce progeny and lyse the host cell.
What is the difference between a prophage and bacteriophage?
A prophage is a bacteriophage (often shortened to “phage”) genome inserted and integrated into the circular bacterial DNA chromosome or exists as an extrachromosomal
plasmid
. This is a latent form of a phage, in which the viral genes are present in the bacterium without causing disruption of the bacterial cell.
Is Temperada a lambda phage?
Enterobacteria phage λ (lambda phage, coliphage λ) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli. This
virus is temperate
and may reside within the genome of its host through lysogeny.
What is temperate virus?
viruses, particularly bacteriophages, are called temperate (or latent) because
the infection does not immediately result in cell death
. The viral genetic material remains dormant or is actually integrated into the genome of the host cell.
What are temperate phages give an example?
The bacteriophage that can enter into a lysogenic relationship with its host is called temperate phage. Examples of temperate bacteriophages are
lambda (ʎ), ɸ 80, P1, P2 and Mu etc
. A well-studied temperate bacteriophage is the phage lambda (ʎ) which can integrate into the chromosome of E. coli.
How long is lambda phage?
In its circular form, the phage genome, therefore, is
48,502 base pairs in length
. The lambda genome can be inserted into the E. coli chromosome and is then called a prophage.
What is temperate life cycle?
In virology, temperate refers
to the ability of some bacteriophages (notably coliphage λ) to display a lysogenic life cycle
. Many (but not all) temperate phages can integrate their genomes into their host bacterium’s chromosome, together becoming a lysogen as the phage genome becomes a prophage.
What is the difference between prophage and temperate phage?
Temperate phage: Phage which can undergo either
virion-productive
or lysogenic cycles. Prophage: Phage genome that replicates with its host cell while not generating virion progeny.
What is the difference between a temperate phage and a virulent page?
The key difference between virulent and temperate phage is that
virulent phages kill bacteria during every infection cycle since
they replicate only via the lytic cycle while temperate phages do not kill bacteria immediately after the infection since they replicate using both lytic and lysogenic cycles.
Most productive viral infections follow similar steps in the virus replication cycle:
attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release
.
Is M13 a temperate phage?
Phage that are capable of both a lytic and lysogenic pathway are called temperate phage. P1 and λ are temperate phage. M13 is unusu- al because phage continually exit from a bacterium without killing it. For this reason, M13
is not considered to have a true lysogenic
state and is not a temperate phage.
What triggers a prophage?
What triggers a prophage to pop back out of the chromosome and enter the lytic cycle? At least in the laboratory,
DNA-damaging agents (like UV radiation and chemicals)
will trigger most prophages in a population to re-activate.
Are viruses in the bloodstream?
Some viruses only infect the skin, but
others can move into the bloodstream
. The signs and symptoms of viremia depend on which virus you have. Once in the blood, a virus has access to almost every tissue and organ in your body.
