Some adulterants are associated with a significant increase in the risk of overdose and death due to acute poisoning (e.g., fentanyl in cocaine or heroin, adulterants in MDMA and LSD, adulterations of new psychoactive substances or NPS); others are related to complications that appear following chronic use in subjects ...
How drugs can affect your life?
Some alter your perceptions and can cause hallucinations. Others may make you feel numb. Long-term use and larger doses have negative effects that can seriously harm your health, even cause death, including disease risks from sharing needles, and permanent damage to the brain and other organs.
What are adulterated drugs?
A drug or device shall be deemed to be adulterated if it is a drug and any substance has been (i) mixed or packed with it so as to reduce its quality or strength or (ii) substituted wholly or in part for it.
What are characteristics of adulterated drugs?
- (a) Poisonous, insanitary, etc., ingredients; adequate controls in manufacture. ...
- (b) Strength, quality, or purity differing from official compendium. ...
- (c) Misrepresentation of strength, etc., where drug is unrecognized in compendium.
What is drug contamination and adulteration?
Objectives: Drug adulteration is the act of adding one or more substances to drugs of abuse . Street drugs are produced in substandard laboratory conditions and they deem to be adulterated intentionally or inadvertently by drug producers and dealers.
What does adulteration mean in medical terms?
(ă-dŭl-tĕr-ā’shŭn), The alteration of any substance by the deliberate addition of a component not ordinarily part of that substance ; usually used to imply that the substance is debased as a result.
Long-term drug or alcohol use and addiction also can affect your ability to socialize. Someone who is doing drugs likely has relationships that are suffering because of it, hurting most the people who love them .
What are the 4 main effects of drugs?
- depression.
- anxiety.
- panic disorders.
- increased aggression.
- paranoia.
- hallucinations.
How does drug abuse affect society?
Drug abuse costs the nation more than $120 billion per year in lost productivity , according to The National Drug Intelligence Center (NDIC). 5 Included in that lost productivity are reduced labor participation, incarceration, premature mortality, hospitalization, and participation in treatment programs away from work.
What are the causes of drug adulteration?
- Restricted access to affordable, quality, safe and effective medicinal products.
- Low standards of management, from poor ethical practices in health care facilities and medical institutions to corruption in public and private sectors.
What are the conditions of adulteration?
Adulteration involves different conditions such as deterioration, admixture, sophistication, substitution, inferiority and spoilage . Deterioration is impairment in the quality of drug, whereas admixture is addition of one article to another due to ignorance or carelessness or by accident.
Why are adulterants used?
An adulterant is a chemical which acts as a contaminant when combined with other substances. Adulterants are added to pure substances to extend the quantity while reducing the quality .
What is the most effective form of adulteration?
Dilution by drinking large amounts of fluid appears to be the most effective and arguably the most difficult form of adulteration to prove.
What are the consequences of using fake and adulterated goods?
Falsified and substandard drugs may contain toxic doses of dangerous ingredients and cause mass poisoning . Poor-quality medicines compromise the treatment of chronic and infectious diseases, causing disease progression, drug resistance, and death.
When is a drug or device considered adulterated?
A device is held to be adulterated if it includes any filthy, putrid, or decomposed substance, or if it is prepared, packed, or held under unsanitary conditions .
What are the punishment for drug adulteration?
Culpable of importing, producing and distributing counterfeit and fake drugs, as well as unwholesome processed foods in the country under the principal Act attracts a fine not exceeding N500,000 or imprisonment for a term between five and fifteen years or to both such fine and imprisonment; now attracts life ...
What is adulteration with example?
Generally, if a food contains a poisonous or deleterious substance that may render it injurious to health , it is adulterated. For example, apple cider contaminated with E. coli O157:H7 and Brie cheese contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes are adulterated.
What are adulterants in drug testing?
What is adulteration? Adulteration is the tampering of a urine specimen with the intention of altering drug test results . The use of adulterants can cause false negative results in drug tests by either interfering with the screening test and/or destroying the drug metabolites present in urine.
Which drugs are prohibited to be imported?
Prohibition on Import of Certain Drugs or Cosmetics
Any misbranded or spurious cosmetic . Any adulterated or spurious drug. Any patent or proprietary medicine which has no description of the true formula or list of active ingredients included in it, along with the quantities thereof.
How does drugs affect physical health?
Side effects of drug addiction may include:
Nausea and abdominal pain, which can also lead to changes in appetite and weight loss . Increased strain on the liver, which puts the person at risk of significant liver damage or liver failure. Seizures, stroke, mental confusion and brain damage. Lung disease.
How drugs are classified and how they affect the body?
Drugs can be categorised by the way in which they affect our bodies: depressants – slow down the function of the central nervous system. hallucinogens – affect your senses and change the way you see, hear, taste, smell or feel things. stimulants – speed up the function of the central nervous system.
What are the positive effect of drugs?
Pleasure is an obvious part of drug use and the short-term physical benefits are well known. Drugs can produce a “high”, give people energy, make them feel good, reduce stress and aid sleep .
What are the economic effects of drug abuse?
Economic Costs
$120 billion in lost productivity , mainly due to labor participation costs, participation in drugabuse treatment, incarceration, and premature death; $11 billion in healthcare costs – for drug treatment and drug‐related medical consequences; and.
