Plants alternate between diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte generations, and between sexual and asexual reproduction . The ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually gives plants the flexibility to adapt to changing environments. Their complex life cycle allows for great variation.
What causes alternation of generation?
Later, the mature gametophyte produces male or female gametes (or both) by mitosis. The fusion of male and female gametes (fertilization) produces a diploid zygote which develops into a new sporophyte . This is the cycle which is known as alternation of generations or alternation of phases.
How do plants change and grow through their life cycle?
They grow through a combination of cell growth and cell division (mitosis) . The key to plant growth is meristem, a type of plant tissue consisting of undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate. Meristem allows plant stems and roots to grow longer (primary growth) and wider (secondary growth).
What is alternation of generation explain with example?
Alternation of generations is a term primarily used to describe the life cycle of plants . 2. A multicellular gametophyte, which is haploid with n chromosomes, alternates with a multicellular sporophyte, which is diploid with 2n chromosomes, made up of n pairs.
What is a life cycle of plant?
The plant life cycle consists of four stages; seed, sprout, small plant, and adult plant . When the seed gets planted into the soil with water and sun, then it will start to grow into a small sprout.
What do all plant life cycles have in common?
All life cycles have a few things in common: they start with seeds, eggs, or live birth, then involve multiple steps including reproduction, and then they end in death . The cycle repeats for millions of years.
Why are plant life cycles often described as showing alternation of generations?
The alternation of generations allows for both the dynamic and volatile act of sexual reproduction and the steady and consistent act of asexual reproduction . When the sporophyte creates spores, the cells undergo meiosis, which allows the gametophyte generation to recombine the genetics present.
How does the animal life cycle differ from the alternation of generations exhibited by plants?
How does the animal life cycle differ from the alternation of generations exhibited by plants? Nearly all animals employ a diploid-dominant life-cycle strategy; only the gametes are haploid . Once the haploid gametes are formed, they lose the ability to divide again. There is no multicellular haploid life stage.
Do all plants undergo alternation of generations?
Land plants all have heteromorphic (anisomorphic) alternation of generations , in which the sporophyte and gametophyte are distinctly different.
What do you think are the factors affecting the growth of a plant?
There are four primary factors that affect plant growth: light, water, temperature and nutrients . These four elements affect the plant's growth hormones, making the plant grow more quickly or more slowly. Changing any of the four can cause the plant stress which stunts or changes growth, or improves growth.
What are the factors that affect plant growth and development?
The primary factors that affect plant growth include: water, temperature, light, and nutrients . These four elements affect growth hormones in the plant, causing it to grow more quickly or more slowly.
What are the 5 stages of a plant life cycle?
There are the 5 stages of plant life cycle. The seed, germination, growth, reproduction, pollination, and seed spreading stages .
What would the human life cycle be like if we had alternation of generations assume that the multicellular diploid stage would be similar in form to an adult human?
What would the human life cycle be like if we had alternation of generations? Assume that the multicellular diploid stage is similar in form to an adult human. 3. The multicellular diploid stage of the life cycle would not produce gametes .
How is alternation of generations an effective way of ensuring that fit individuals survive?
-Alternation of generations is the form of sexual reproduction that algae can go through. It is through this process can the algae develop more genetic diversity which ultimately leads to one algae being “more fit” than the others which ensures the organisms survival when confronted with a threat.
Which of the following occurs during the alternation of generations in plants?
Which of the following occurs during the alternation of generations in plants? Mitosis produces gametes . In which of the following pairs of structures are the two terms equivalent? Which of these represents the female gametophyte generation of an angiosperm?
Why is it important to know the life cycle of plants?
All plants have a life cycle and this cycle is very important to agriculture. Because a major source of our food is from plants, we can classify them by their life cycle . Crops can be sorted into annuals, biennials and perennials.
How does the life cycle of the plant show a cyclical movement?
Many organic processes on Earth follow a cyclical pattern. The seasons come and go, plants die and then bloom again, and animals and plants need each other to function . The life cycle of a plant is the series of steps all plants go through to grow from a seed to a fully mature plant.
How are the life cycles of all flowering plants the same?
Flowering plants all go through the same stages of a life cycle , but the length of time they take varies a lot between species. Some plants go though their complete cycle in a few weeks – others take many years. Annuals are plants that grow from a seed, then flower and make new seeds, then die, all in less than a year.
What is alternation of generations name the two generations in plants life cycle schematically represent different life cycle patterns in plants?
The two generations or life cycles that occur are called the sporophyte generation and the gametophyte generation . When you speak in genetic terms, it is the rotation in between the haploid and diploid stages. This refers to the chromosomes within the plant cells.
How does the life cycle of a moss differ from that of a fern?
Also, both mosses and ferns show alternation of generation. But, the dominant phase of the life cycle of mosses is the haploid gametophyte generation, while the dominant phase of the life cycle of ferns is the diploid sporophyte generation . Therefore, this is another important difference between mosses and ferns.
What are the three processes that lead to variation in offspring with the same parents?
Three mechanisms that contribute to genetic variation include the independent assortment of chromosomes, crossing over, and random fertilization .
What are the possible products of meiosis in plant and animal life cycles?
In most animal life cycles, the products of meiosis are gametes. However, in plants, the products of meiosis are spores .
Which of these groups does not exhibit alternation of generations in their life cycles?
Red, brown, and some green algae exhibit alternation of generations. All land plants exhibit alternation of generations. No charophytes (stoneworts) exhibit alternation of generations.
