Multiply 500 times the water flow rate, times the temperature difference, divided by 12,000 or 500 x q x dt/12,000 . The result is the tons of capacity of the cooling tower.
What is meant by COC in cooling tower?
COC or the Cycles Of Concentration is an abbreviation, used when talking about cooling water or cooling tower water. The COC specifies, how often a fresh water added into the loop, can be used or pumped around , before the water has to blown down or bleed off from the cooling tower.
What is recirculation rate in cooling tower?
Calculation of Cycles of Concentration. Water circulates through the process exchangers and over the cooling tower at a rate referred to as the “recirculation rate.” Water is lost from the system through evaporation and blowdown .
What is the formula of finding cooling tower efficiency?
In summer the ambient air wet bulb temperature raises when compared to winter thus limiting the cooling tower efficiency.
How do you calculate coolant flow rate?
Divide the cooling rate that you need , measured in British thermal units (BTUs) per hour by this answer. For example, if the chiller must absorb 3,840,000 BTUs each hour: 3,840,000 ÷ 13,000 = 295.4. This is the chiller’s minimum cooling rate, measured in gallons per minute.
What is the pH of cooling tower water?
The neutral pH of cooling tower water is 7.0 . For every 1.0 increase in pH, the alkalinity increases by ten times, according to the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF). Measurements below 7.0 correspond to acidic substances. Stronger acids have lower pH values.
What is TDS cooling tower?
Cooling towers are used within some businesses for process water cooling or as part of an air-conditioning system. ... ‘Bleed’, ‘blow-down’ or ‘dump’ cycles – as water is evaporated, concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) increase which is detrimental to the efficient operation of the unit.
What is blowdown loss in cooling tower?
When water evaporates from a cooling tower, solids that were in that water remain in the tank, being redistributed into the existing water. ... This process is called blowdown, and blowdown loss is the amount of water lost during the blowdown process in your cooling tower .
What is cooling tower and its types?
There are three main types of cooling towers that are defined by how water or air pass through them. These types include crossflow, counterflow, and hyperbolic . There are also two varieties classified solely on airflow, known as induced draft and passive draft cooling towers.
What is cooling tower capacity?
The cooling tower’s capacity is the product of the mass flow rate of water, specific heat, and temperature difference . This can also be expressed as heat rejected in kCal/hr (Btu/h). Evaporation loss. This is the amount of water that is evaporated during the cooling process.
What is the approach of cooling tower?
Approach is the temperature of the water leaving the cooling tower (in this case, 85°F nominal) minus the ambient web bulb temperature (78°F wet bulb) or 7°F. This value represents how close the cooling tower gets the water to the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air.
How do you evaluate cooling tower performance?
- Approach = Cold Water Temperature – Wet Bulb Temperature. ...
- Range = Hot Water Temperature – Cold Water Temperature. ...
- Cooling Tower Thermal Efficiency = Range/ (Range + Approach) x 100. ...
- COC = Silica in Cooling Water / Silica in Makeup Water.
How do you calculate water loss in a cooling tower?
- Evaporation loss = 0.00085 x 10 000 x (100-85) = 127.5 gpm.
- Drift loss = 0.02% x 10 000 = 2 gpm.
- Blowdown = [127.5 – (5-1) x 2]/(5-1) = 29.87 gpm.
- Cooling tower makeup water = 127.5 + 2 +29.87 = 159.37 gpm.
Which chemical is used in cooling tower?
Organic dispersants – These cooling tower water treatment chemicals can be used to prevent fouling and the accumulation of biofilms. Chlorine dioxide – This chemical can be used as a disinfectant to destroy microorganisms and prevent recurring growth.
What causes scale in cooling towers?
Typically, scale forms from calcium or water hardness-based salts , the mineral content in cooling water will form subsequent salts/scale such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, magnesium silicate and calcium sulfate.
What causes cooling tower foaming?
Here’s why: Cascading water, the continuous recycling of contaminants, and a high concentration of foam stabilizers can cause foam to overflow the tower sump , blow off the towers, or even cause an airlock in the water pumps.
