blast furnace, a vertical shaft furnace that produces liquid metals by the reaction of a flow of air introduced under pressure into the bottom of the furnace with a mixture of metallic ore, coke, and flux fed into the top . ... Rapid combustion is maintained by the current of air under pressure.
How is carbon monoxide formed in blast furnace?
In the blast furnace, there are several chemical reactions taking place; that eventually result in the desired product (iron) being extracted. The coke (carbon) burns with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide. This reaction is exothermic. The CO 2 then reacts with more coke to give carbon monoxide.
How is carbon monoxide produced in the blast furnace?
The hot air blast to the furnace burns the coke and maintains the very high temperatures that are needed to reduce the ore to iron. The reaction between air and the fuel generates carbon monoxide. This gas reduces the iron (III) oxide in the ore to iron.
What happens to carbon in the blast furnace?
The blast furnace
Iron is extracted from iron ore in a huge container called a blast furnace. ... In this reaction, the iron(III) oxide is reduced to iron, and the carbon is oxidised to carbon dioxide .
What is CO a waste gas produced in the blast furnace used for?
The gas product from iron ore smelting when hot air passes over coke in blast ovens; contains carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen and is used as fuel gas .
What is the source of heat in blast furnace?
It is a type of heat exchanger, in which the heat produced by combustion of the BF gas usually mixed with natural gas (NG) or coke oven gas (COG) is stored in the checkerwork chamber, after which cold air is blown through the hot checkerwork to produce the preheated hot air blast to the furnace.
What is produced in a blast furnace?
Blast furnace produces Hot metal (Liquid Iron) using Iron ore, Coke, Sinter, Pellets and fluxes such as Lime-stone, Pyroxenite, Quartzite reacting with oxygen from pre heated air.
What is the hottest furnace on earth?
According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the highest registered air temperature on Earth was 56.7 °C (134.1 °F) in Furnace Creek Ranch, California , located in Death Valley in the United States, on 10 July 1913.
What fuel is used in blast furnace?
The iron blast furnace uses carbon as a fuel to meet the energy requirements of the process as well as a reducing agent for smelting the iron ore to pig iron. The most widespread form of carbon used for this purpose is metallurgical coke.
Why is iron produced in a blast furnace not very useful?
The production of iron in a Blast Furnace is a continuous process. ... The metal that leaves the Blast Furnace contains between 4% and 5% of carbon. This much carbon makes a very hard but brittle metal which is not much use.
Why the zinc produced inside the furnace is a gas?
Under the conditions in the furnace zinc is a vapour (gas) , whereas lead is produced as a liquid by a similar series of reactions. ... The zinc vapour is carried into the condenser in a stream of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide gases (at about 1300 K) and condensed by adsorption in a spray of liquid lead.
Why is iron produced in a blast furnace converted to steel?
The combustion of iron ore with other materials in the blast furnace produces molten pig iron, which is then converted to steel. ... Oxygen reacts with the high levels of carbon in the pig iron and scrap to form CO and CO2.
Why carbon is used in blast furnace?
Blast furnaces operate on the principle of chemical reduction whereby carbon monoxide, having a stronger affinity for the oxygen in iron ore than iron does, reduces the iron to its elemental form.
Which gas is used in manufacturing of steel?
During the steelmaking process by basic oxygen furnace, unwanted carbon combines with oxygen to form carbon oxides, which leave as gases. Oxygen is fed into the steel bath through a special lance. Oxygen is also used to increase the productivity in electric arc furnaces.
Which fuel is used in steel industry?
The major energy source that is used as a feedstock in the steel industry is coal , and accounts for 80 percent of the total feedstock used in this industry. Coal is baked in a heated oven to produce coke and breeze.
Which reaction is used to increase the temperature inside the blast furnace?
Of these only the reaction between oxygen and carbon is exothermic . This reaction is responsible for increasing the temperature of the blast furnace so that the other reactions between the carbon compounds and iron oxide can take place.
