Several years ago a study based on records kept by the highway departments of 24 states showed an annual maintenance cost of $161.99 per mile for portland cement concrete pavements, compared with $219.52 per mile for the next best (bituminous concrete–rigid base) from the standpoint of maintenance cost.
What is pavement service life?
The “pavement lifecycle” a categorical description of how a pavement interacts with surrounding systems throughout its life . While it is not the only way, it is a logical way to organize discussions of pavement sustainability.
What is pavement PCC?
Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements (or rigid pavements) consist of a PCC slab that is usually supported by a granular or stabilized base, and a subbase. In some cases the PCC slab may be overlaid with a layer of asphalt concrete.
Which pavement requires least initial cost in construction?
The study recommended that Rigid pavement with 15% CBA should be considered because it gives the lowest life cycle cost and the initial cost is relatively low.
Why is rigid pavement expensive?
Rigid pavements have high flexural strength than flexible pavements due to which they can transmit the wheel load stresses over a wider area . Initial cost of these pavements is high as compared to flexible pavements but their maintenance cost is low.
What is difference between flexible pavement and rigid pavement?
Flexible pavements tend to have more layers and are therefore much thicker by default. Rigid pavements have fewer layers and are thinner than flexible pavements , which makes them susceptible to more repairs over time.
What is the thickness of PCC in foundation?
The Thickness of PCC: The thickness of PCC is normally 50mm over Brick Flat Soling (BFS) . If you don’t use BFS below PCC then the thickness should be 75¬mm.
What is the thickness of pavement?
The selection of the pavement and gravel thickness is based on three criteria (Figure 3): (1) the thickness of the asphalt pavement is 0.1 m and the gravel base thickness is 0.2 m, which is shortened to 10 to 20 types; (2) the thickness of the asphalt pavement is 0.18 m and the gravel base thickness is 0.2 m, which is ...
What is PCC concrete ratio?
PCC concrete mix ratio is 1:5:10 , which Means 1 part of cement, 5 parts of sand, and 10 parts of aggregate. PCC in construction is used to make a level bed for footing.
What is maintenance cost?
The term maintenance expense refers to any cost incurred by an individual or business to keep their assets in good working condition . These costs may be spent for the general maintenance of items like running anti-virus software on computer systems or they may be used for repairs such as fixing a car or machinery.
What is running cost in construction?
Running costs are defined as the total cost of operations and maintenance costs of a building .
What are the requirements of highway pavement?
- Right thickness to distribute the wheel load stresses to a safe value on the sub-grade soil.
- Durable to withstand all types of stresses imposed upon it.
- Adequate coefficient of friction to prevent skidding of vehicles,
- Smooth surface to provide comfort to road users.
What is most commonly used type of concrete pavement?
1. What is the most commonly used type of concrete pavement? Clarification: The most commonly used type is unreinforced , dowels and ties are not considered as reinforcements in slab.
Which is the most essential requirement in highway pavement design?
5. Which of the following requirement is given most importance in highway design? Explanation: The structural design like highway speed, geometric design is given the most importance in design.
What is the minimum factor of safety for rigid pavement?
The minimum factor of safety is 1.1 and if it doesn’t satisfy then the pavement thickness is revised.
How many types of pavement are there?
Two types of pavements are generally recognized as serving this purpose, namely flexible pavements and rigid pavements. This chapter gives an overview of pavement types, layers, and their functions, and pavement failures. Improper design of pavements leads to early failure of pavements affecting the riding quality.
How many types of pavement surface are there?
There are two types of pavements based on design considerations i.e. flexible pavement and rigid pavement. Difference between flexible and rigid pavements is based on the manner in which the loads are distributed to the subgrade.
What are the advantage and disadvantage of rigid pavement?
Advantages of Rigid Pavement
~ Low maintenance and operation cost . ~ Higher life span ( Life span may be up to 40 years whereas flexible pavement has a life span of only 10-20 years). ~ It has high flexural strength. ~ It has good resistance to petroleum products, oils, and chemicals.
What is the grade of PCC?
The Grade of the PCC used is M15 grade . IN M15 Grade, The mix ratio is 1:2:4. (1 cement,2 sand , 4 aggregates). Applications: M15 grade plain concrete cement is used for levelling courses,bedding for footing, beams and columns e.tc.
Is cube test required for PCC?
Normally cube testing is not done for PCC (Plain cement concrete) as its laid only for making level surface.
How is PCC calculated in construction?
The top concrete surface is finished by using a levelling metal Patti & lineout string or any method. The uniform top-level is checked diagonally by holding the string at the PCC corners .
What is the minimum thickness of pavement?
| Flexible pavement Rigid pavement | 7. Use code IRC 37 7. Use code IRC 58 |
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What is minimum thickness of rigid pavement?
The minimum thickness of reinforced concrete pavements should be 6 inches, except that the minimum thickness for driveways will be 5 inches and the minimum thickness for reinforced overlays over rigid pavements will be 4 inches .
How do you measure the thickness of pavement?
The authors suggest the following computation method for obtaining pavement thickness using Gray’s formula: (1) carefully study the traffic mix likely to occur at a project site; (2) calculate the total load and radius of the contact area on the basis of the proportions of vehicle types; (3) add an extra impact factor ...
