Rotenone should be applied at a rate of 2 to 3 ppm (2.7 pound/acre-foot of granular = 1 ppm), 5.4 to 8.1 pounds per acre-foot of actual product .
How long does it take for rotenone to kill fish?
After applying rotenone, fish in a treated pond will begin to surface within five minutes to one hour, and dead fish may continue to be found for several days . Dead fish may be either collected from ponds and disposed of properly or may be left in the pond for natural environmental decay.
Does rotenone kill all fish?
Rotenone is more toxic to fish in warm water but the chemical dissipates more quickly then and may not kill all fish present . Rotenone will break down more rapidly when applied during intense sunlight.
Is rotenone toxic to fish?
Rotenone is a natural toxin produced by several tropical plants and has been used for centuries as a selective fish poison and more recently as a commercial insecticide. It is highly toxic to fish and other aquatic life , but has low toxicity to birds and mammals.
How much does rotenone cost?
Rotenone is expensive, which is another reason to not do a renovation unless it is necessary. Costs can range from $50 to $80 per gallon . At $70 per gallon, the 5-acre pond above would cost $70 X 20 acre-feet = $1,400. Prices vary from year to year and depend on total amount purchased.
Is rotenone harmful to humans?
The World Health Organization classifies rotenone as moderately hazardous because it may be absorbed by ingestion or inhalation. Inhalation of concentrated rotenone in the powder form is the most direct threat to humans, and caution is required during handling.
How fast does rotenone break down?
A. How fast rotenone breaks down is affected by temperature, light, oxygen and alkalinity. Generally, most treatments are made during summer months. At 80° F, treated water will detoxify naturally in less than four days .
How do you use rotenone?
Where is rotenone commonly found?
Rotenone is an odorless, colorless, crystalline isoflavone used as a broad-spectrum insecticide, piscicide, and pesticide. It occurs naturally in the seeds and stems of several plants, such as the jicama vine plant, and the roots of several members of Fabaceae .
How long does it take for rotenone to work?
It usually takes less than 30 min- utes for rotenone to affect small fishes, but may take several hours to kill larger fish . Water treated with ro- tenone is usually nontoxic to fish within two weeks.
How do you put rotenone in a pond?
What is the easiest way to catch fish in a pond?
What happens if you inhale rotenone?
Breathing Rotenone can irritate the nose, throat and lungs . * Exposure to Rotenone can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, headache, muscle tremors, convulsions and seizures (“fits”). * Rotenone may damage the liver and kidneys.
Why rotenone ingestion is lethal in insects and fish?
Rotenone, a toxic natural product from plants, strongly inhibits NADH dehydrogenase of insect and fish mitochondria .
Is rotenone harmful to dogs?
Rotenone is known to be a toxic ingredient that will adversely affect dogs, snakes, pigs and fish , especially if these animals are considered pets in your home. Most tick shampoos are known to contain rotenone. Other types of products with this ingredient include: DuraKyl Pet dip.
Can you still buy rotenone?
Liquid rotenone is a restricted-use pesticide that can be purchased from certain pesticide suppliers . To legally use a restricted-use pesticide, a person must obtain pesticide applicator certification through the Cooperative Extension Service.
Where can I buy rotenone for my pond?
Rotenone is a registered aquatic chemical that is used to kill fish. In Alabama, rotenone for pond renovation can be purchased from most farm supply or feed-and-seed stores by anyone with a pesticide applicator permit.
How do you neutralize rotenone?
If biologists want to quickly neutralize the effects of rotenone, potassium permanganate can be used. Potassium permanganate is an oxidizing agent, used worldwide in water treatment plants to purify drinking water.
Is rotenone toxic to animals?
Acute Toxicity
Rotenone is toxic not only to insects and fish, but also to humans and animals . In mammals, the acute toxicity of rotenone is moderate and widely varies between and within species.
How does rotenone cause Parkinson’s?
The dopaminergic cell loss induced by rotenone leads to the development of parkinsonian symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity and a stooped-like posture (Betarbet et al., 2002).
Is rotenone a neurotoxin?
Rotenone is a neurotoxin that has been used to induce experimental parkinsonism in rats. We used the rotenone model of experimental parkinsonism to explore a novel aspect of extra-nigral degeneration, the neurodegeneration of spinal cord (SC), in PD.
Is heptachlor still used?
Heptachlor was used as an insecticide; however, nearly all registered uses of heptachlor have been canceled .
How can rotenone cause death?
Poisoning with rotenone is uncommon but is potentially fatal because this agent inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain . In vitro cell studies have shown that rotenone-induced toxicity is reduced by the use of N-acetylcysteine, antioxidants and potassium channel openers.
What should be the depth of fish pond?
Pond depth should be 0.5-1.0 m at shallow end, sloping to 1.5-2.0 m at the drainage end . At the deeper drainage end, you can construct a collection pit where water collects before flowing out. A collection pit is also useful when you drain the pond to harvest the fish.
How do I get rid of goldfish in my pond?
A net is a useful tool if you want to remove only a couple of fish, or one specific fish, from your pond . A long-handled net will enable you to scoop the desired fish out of the water without harming them. Make sure the holes in your net are small enough that the fish cannot slip through the holes.
