Within a few years, new Athenian leaders were looking for conquests among Sparta’s allies on Sicily, an important source of grain supplies for the Spartan confederation. Athens sent a massive expeditionary force to attack Syracuse, but it was eventually annihilated.
Why did Athenians attack Sicily?
In 415 BC the Athenian assembly , led by Alcibiades, voted to invade Sicily. ... With a foothold in Sicily the Athenians would also gain a tactically advantageous position from which to attack Sparta, if war broke out between the two great powers once more.
Who won the Sicilian war?
| Date 415–413 BC | Location Sicily, Italy | Result Decisive Spartan/Syracusan victory Athenian expeditionary force completely destroyed |
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Why did the Sicilian expedition fail?
Through hubris, a lack of adequate cavalry, and incompetence at home as well as abroad, the Athenians allowed the expedition to turn into a monumental failure, foreshadowing their ultimate defeat in the Ionian War a decade later.
Who killed Hannibal Rome?
Scipio Africanus was a talented Roman general who commanded the army that defeated Hannibal in the final battle of the Second Punic War in 202 B.C.
What dooms the Sicilian expedition to failure?
The Sicilian Expedition was an Athenian military expedition to Sicily, which took place from 415–413 BC during the Peloponnesian War between Athens on one side and Sparta, Syracuse and Corinth on the other. ... The evacuation failed, and nearly the entire expedition were captured or were destroyed in Sicily.
Who helped Sparta defeat Athens?
The Spartans began to gather allies to conquer Athens. They even enlisted the help of the Persians who lent them money to build a fleet of warships. Athens, however recovered and won a series of battles between 410 and 406 BC. In 405 BC the Spartan general Lysander defeated the Athenian fleet in battle.
When did Sparta conquer Athens?
| Date 431 – April 25, 404 BC | Location Mainland Greece, Asia Minor, Sicily | Result Peloponnesian League victory Thirty Tyrants installed in Athens Spartan hegemony | Territorial changes Dissolution of the Delian League; Spartan hegemony over Athens and its allies; Persia regains control over Ionia. |
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What old enemy ended up helping the Spartans?
Sparta was not allowed to compete in the Olympic Games. At this time some of the Peloponnesian League cities decided to rebel against Sparta, and were helped by Argos , the long-time enemy of Sparta, and by Athens.
Why did the Peace of Nicias end?
Sparta made promises that it could not keep. Moreover, it betrayed its allies Corinth and Megara, because it accepted the Athenian occupation of territories that belonged to these cities. Almost immediately after the treaty had been signed, it collapsed.
How did Athens get money to rebuild their fleet after the failed Sicilian expedition?
How did Athens get money to rebuild their fleet after the failed Sicilian expedition? Melted down gold and metal from the tempel’s cult statues.
What did Alcibiades do the night before the Sicilian expedition?
Hermenfrevel and an ill-fated military adventure. 11 May 415 BCE, just before an Athenian expeditionary force was about to set sail for the conquest of Sparta’s ally Syracuse in Sicily , all of the hermai of Athens had been found vandalised.
What did Sparta do after the Sicilian expedition?
Sparta and its allies were unable to defeat Athens and indeed the Athenians inflicted a humiliating defeat on Sparta on the island of Pylos. This led to a truce between the two most powerful Greek city-states and this eventually to the so-called Peace of Nicias .
How did Romans beat Hannibal?
The Battle of Zama was fought in 202 BC near Zama, now in Tunisia, and marked the end of the Second Punic War. A Roman army led by Publius Cornelius Scipio, with crucial support from Numidian leader Masinissa, defeated the Carthaginian army led by Hannibal.
Why did Hannibal leave Italy?
The Roman defeat at Cannae stunned much of southern Italy, and many of Rome’s allies and colonies defected to the Carthaginian side. ... He then invaded North Africa, forcing Hannibal to withdraw his troops from southern Italy in 203 B.C. in order to defend his home state.
Why did Rome hate Carthage?
The destruction of Carthage was an act of Roman aggression prompted as much by motives of revenge for earlier wars as by greed for the rich farming lands around the city. The Carthaginian defeat was total and absolute, instilling fear and horror into Rome’s enemies and allies.
