Two commonly cited agreements in terms of water allocation and the purported rights of riparians include a 1929 Exchange of Notes between His Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom and the Egyptian Government in Regard to the Use of the Waters of the River Nile for Irrigation Purposes, and the 1959 Agreement ...
What agreements exist to regulate the river?
- NILE BASIN COUNTRIES: ...
- THE 1929 NILE WATERS AGREEMENT: ...
- THE 1959 AGREEMENT BETWEEN EGYPT AND SUDAN: ...
- THE CAIRO COOPERATION FRAMEWORK OF JULY 1993: ...
- THE NILE BASIN INITIATIVE: ...
- THE NILE BASIN INITIATIVE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION:
How is Nile water allocated?
Decades later, in 1959, Egypt and Sudan signed the Nile Water Agreement. Egypt was allocated three-quarters of the total water volume (55.5 billion cubic metres) and thereby the ability to construct the Aswan Dam, while Sudan was allocated a quarter of the volume (18.5 billion cubic meters).
Which countries in the Nile basin have agreements over use of the Nile?
The Khartoum declaration, which was signed by the heads of state of the three countries— Abdel Fattah al-Sisi (Egypt), Omar al-Bashir (Sudan), and Halemariam Desalegn (Ethiopia) , has been referred to as a “Nile Agreement,” and one that helps resolve conflicts over the sharing of the waters of the Nile River.
What are the laws or agreements that govern Nile waters?
The 1959 Nile Waters Agreement between the Sudan and Egypt for full control utilization of the Nile waters. ... The agreement allowed the entire average annual flow of the Nile to be shared among the Sudan and Egypt at 18.5 and 55.5 billion cubic meters, respectively.
Who owns the water in the Nile?
Today, however, Ethiopia is building the Grand Renaissance Dam and, with it, Ethiopia will physically control the Blue Nile Gorge—the primary source of most of the Nile waters.
Who controlled Egypt in 1936?
Anglo-Egyptian Treaty, treaty signed in London on August 26, 1936, that officially brought to an end 54 years of British occupation in Egypt; it was ratified in December 1936.
Which country is most dependent on the Nile River?
Both Egypt and Ethiopia are arguably more heavily dependent on the Nile river basin than any other countries.
Is Ethiopian dam finished?
But it has caused concern over water shortages and safety in Egypt and Sudan, which also depend on the Nile’s waters. “ The second filling of the Renaissance dam has been completed and the water is overflowing,” Seleshi Bekele, Ethiopia’s minister for water, irrigation and energy, said on Monday in a Tweet.
Why is the Nile described as a river of troubled waters?
Egypt has for years been suffering from a severe water crisis that is largely blamed on population growth, and farmers try to make the most of the short supply. But other factors include climate change drying up the Nile, and water pollution due to sewage discharge as well as industrial and municipal waste.
What’s wrong with the Nile River?
We have no other major rivers flowing in our country.” Despite its importance, the Nile is still heavily polluted in Egypt by waste water and rubbish poured directly in to it, as well as agricultural runoff and industrial waste, with consequences for biodiversity, especially fishing, and human health, experts say.
Who has control over the Nile?
Egypt entirely controls the river’s flow from the moment it crosses the border from Sudan and is captured by the High Aswan dam, built by Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser with Russian help in the 1960s.
What are the main source of water in water management?
Answer: The main sources of water are surface water, groundwater and rainwater .
How much of the Nile comes from the Blue Nile?
The Blue Nile is vital to the livelihood of Egypt: as the most significant tributary of the Nile, it contributes over 85% of the Nile’s streamflow. Though shorter than the White Nile, 59% of the water that reaches Egypt originates from the Ethiopian highlands via the Blue Nile.
How many countries rely on Nile?
The longest river in the world, the Nile spans 35 degrees of latitude, drains three million square kilometers of land (one-tenth of the total surface area of Africa), and runs through 11 countries whose combined population totals over 300 million people: Egypt, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, ...
