The ER is the largest organelle in the cell and is a major site of protein synthesis and transport, protein folding, lipid and steroid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and calcium storage
What are the four major functions of the endoplasmic reticulum?
It plays a major role in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and lipids . The ER produces transmembrane proteins and lipids for its membrane and for many other cell components including lysosomes, secretory vesicles, the Golgi apparatus, the cell membrane, and plant cell vacuoles.
What is the main function of endoplasmic reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function . The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.
What are the two main functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough ER, studded with millions of membrane bound ribosomes, is involved with the production, folding, quality control and despatch of some proteins . Smooth ER is largely associated with lipid (fat) manufacture and metabolism and steroid production hormone production. It also has a detoxification function.
What is endoplasmic reticulum give its type and function?
The two types of endoplasmic reticulum are : Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: Their main function is produce proteins in the cells and ribosomes are attached to their surface . Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: Their main function is to produce lipids and also detoxify toxins in the body in the liver and kidney cells.
What is endoplasmic reticulum in simple words?
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cellular organelle . It is the transport network for molecules going to specific places, as compared to molecules that float freely in the cytoplasm. ... Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), so called because it is studded with ribosomes, and secretes proteins into the cytoplasm.
What does the endoplasmic reticulum do easy definition?
A network of sac-like structures and tubes in the cytoplasm (gel-like fluid) of a cell. Proteins and other molecules move through the endoplasmic reticulum. ... The rough endoplasmic reticulum has many ribosomes on its outer surface and makes proteins the cell needs.
What are the characteristics of endoplasmic reticulum?
The characteristics of endoplasmic reticulum is as follows:
It is an organelle that can be found in the eukaryotic cells . These organelles form an interconnected network of flattened, sacs or tube like structures called as cisternae. The endoplasmic reticulum helps to form a skeletal framework.
What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?
Both rough ER and smooth ER have the same types of membranes but they have different shapes. Rough ER looks like sheets or disks of bumpy membranes while smooth ER looks more like tubes. Rough ER is called rough because it has ribosomes attached to its surface. ... Smooth ER (SER) acts as a storage organelle.
What is the structure and function of the smooth ER?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), meshwork of fine disklike tubular membrane vesicles, part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that is involved in the synthesis and storage of lipids , including cholesterol and phospholipids, which are used in the production of new cellular ...
What is the structure of rough ER?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Its main function is to produce proteins. It is made up of cisternae, tubules and vesicles . The cisternae are made up of flattened membrane disks, which are involved in the modification of proteins.
What type of proteins are made in the rough ER?
3.4 Ribosome-binding proteins
Rough ER contains two integral membrane proteins, ribophorins I and II , that have molecular masses of 65 kDa and 63 kDa, respectively. These proteins remain attached to ribosomes when the ER membrane is dissolved with detergent and they can be crosslinked to ribosomes by chemical reagents.
What is function of ribosome?
A ribosome functions as a micro-machine for making proteins . Ribosomes are composed of special proteins and nucleic acids. The TRANSLATION of information and the Linking of AMINO ACIDS are at the heart of the protein production process.
What is endoplasmic reticulum diagram?
Endoplasmic Reticulum Diagram
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is the tubular membrane inside the cytoplasm of the cell. Also, ribosomes cover their surface. Besides, the ER has both smooth and rough surface. In addition, they help in the transportation process.
What is the structure and function of Golgi apparatus?
The Golgi apparatus is a central intracellular membrane-bound organelle with key functions in trafficking, processing, and sorting of newly synthesized membrane and secretory proteins and lipids . To best perform these functions, Golgi membranes form a unique stacked structure.
What do SER and RER have in common?
Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is smooth, and the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is rough . Both the SER and RER are large continuous sheets of membrane that fold back on themselves to form an enclosed space (lumen).
