The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5) classifies Intellectual Disabilities under the category of Neurodevelopmental Disorders and describes three diagnoses, (I) Intellectual Disability (Mild, Moderate, Severe, and Profound), (II) Global Developmental Delay, and (III) ...
What are the major categories of intellectual disability?
- Fragile X syndrome. Fragile X syndrome is the most common known cause of an inherited intellectual disability worldwide. ...
- Down syndrome. ...
- Developmental delay. ...
- Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) ...
- Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
What is intellectual disability and its classification?
An intellectual disability is defined as an IQ below 70 and deficits in adaptive behaviour or daily living skills (eating, dressing, communication, participate in group activity). People with intellectual disability learn slowly and have difficulty with abstract concepts.
What is an example of an intellectual disability?
There are many signs of intellectual disability. For example, children with intellectual disability may: sit up, crawl, or walk later than other children . learn to talk later, or have trouble speaking .
What are the four categories of intellectual disability?
- mild.
- moderate.
- severe.
- profound.
What is the IQ level for intellectual disability?
IQ (intelligence quotient) is measured by an IQ test. The average IQ is 100, with the majority of people scoring between 85 and 115. A person is considered intellectually disabled if they have an IQ of less than 70 to 75 .
What qualifies as intellectual disability?
Intellectual disability 1 involves problems with general mental abilities that affect functioning in two areas: intellectual functioning (such as learning, problem solving, judgement) adaptive functioning (activities of daily life such as communication and independent living)
How does intellectual disability affect a person?
Intellectual disability (or ID) is a term used when a person has certain limitations in cognitive functioning and skills, including communication, social and self-care skills . These limitations can cause a child to develop and learn more slowly or differently than a typically developing child.
What is borderline intellectual disability?
Borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) is characterized by heterogeneous cognitive difficulties , with an intelligence quotient (IQ) between 70 and 85 points, and a failure to meet the developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility required in daily life.
What are the 3 main diagnostic criteria for intellectual disability?
The assessment of intelligence across three domains ( conceptual, social, and practical ) will ensure that clinicians base their diagnosis on the impact of the deficit in general mental abilities on functioning needed for everyday life. This is especially important in the development of a treatment plan.
What is the most common cause of intellectual disability?
Some of the most common known causes of intellectual disability include fetal alcohol syndrome disorder ; genetic and chromosomal conditions, such as Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome; and certain infections during pregnancy.
What type of disability is ADHD?
Along with autism, cerebral palsy, hearing loss, intellectual disabilities, learning disabilities, vision impairment and others, ADHD is also considered a developmental disability .
How do you test for intellectual disability?
The diagnosis of an intellectual disability is typically made through a test of intelligence or cognition , often assessed by the range of scores on an Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test.
What is the difference between cognitive and intellectual disability?
A cognitive impairment (also known as an intellectual disability) is a term used when a person has certain limitations in mental functioning and in skills such as communication, self-help, and social skills . These limitations will cause a child to learn and develop more slowly than a typical child.
What are the signs of intellectual disability in adults?
- Memory problems.
- Attention problems.
- Difficulties interacting socially.
- Impaired self-esteem or lowered sense of self-worth.
- Difficulties finding and maintain employment as adults.
- Being unable to live on one's own due to required assistance and supervision.
What are signs of low IQ?
- IQ 50-70.
- Slower than normal in all areas.
- Can conform socially.
- Can acquire daily task skills.
- Integrated in society.
- No unusual physical signs.
- Can acquire practical skills.
- Reading and math skills up to grades 3-6.
