Stored XSS exploits occur when an attacker injects dangerous content into a data store that is later read and included in dynamic content . From an attacker's perspective, the optimal place to inject malicious content is in an area that is displayed to either many users or particularly interesting users.
How reflected XSS can be exploited?
To exploit a reflective XSS, an attacker must trick the user into sending data to the target site , which is often done by tricking the user into clicking a maliciously crafted link. In many cases, reflective XSS attacks rely on phishing emails or shortened or otherwise obscured URLs sent to the targeted user.
How can Xss be exploited?
Stealing cookies is a traditional way to exploit XSS. Most web applications use cookies for session handling. You can exploit cross-site scripting vulnerabilities to send the victim's cookies to your own domain, then manually inject the cookies into your browser and impersonate the victim.
What can be done with XSS?
- Impersonate or masquerade as the victim user.
- Carry out any action that the user is able to perform.
- Read any data that the user is able to access.
- Capture the user's login credentials.
- Perform virtual defacement of the web site.
- Inject trojan functionality into the web site.
What information can the attacker steal using XSS attacks?
XSS is a versatile attack vector which opens the door to a large number of social-engineering and client-side attacks. As shown, it could be used to steal sensitive information, such as session tokens, user credentials or commercially valuable data , as well as to perform sensitive operations.
What are the types of XSS attacks?
- Stored XSS (AKA Persistent or Type I) Stored XSS generally occurs when user input is stored on the target server, such as in a database, in a message forum, visitor log, comment field, etc. ...
- Reflected XSS (AKA Non-Persistent or Type II) ...
- DOM Based XSS (AKA Type-0)
Is Reflected XSS bad?
Reflected XSS attacks are less dangerous than stored XSS attacks , which cause a persistent problem when users visit a particular page, but are much more common. Any page that takes a parameter from a GET or POST request and displays that parameter back to the user in some fashion is potentially at risk.
What is XSS attack with example?
Cross site scripting (XSS) is a common attack vector that injects malicious code into a vulnerable web application . ... It occurs when a malicious script is injected directly into a vulnerable web application. Reflected XSS involves the reflecting of a malicious script off of a web application, onto a user's browser.
What is broken access control attack?
Broken access control vulnerabilities exist when a user can in fact access some resource or perform some action that they are not supposed to be able to access .
What is a reflected XSS attack?
Reflected XSS attacks, also known as non-persistent attacks, occur when a malicious script is reflected off of a web application to the victim's browser . The script is activated through a link, which sends a request to a website with a vulnerability that enables execution of malicious scripts.
Why is session hijacking successful?
This means that a successful session hijack can give the attacker SSO access to multiple web applications , from financial systems and customer records to line-of-business systems potentially containing valuable intellectual property.
What is parameter tampering?
Parameter tampering is a simple attack targeting the application business logic . This attack takes advantage of the fact that many programmers rely on hidden or fixed fields (such as a hidden tag in a form or a parameter in a URL) as the only security measure for certain operations.
What is XSS and CSRF?
Cross-site scripting (or XSS) allows an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript within the browser of a victim user. Cross-site request forgery (or CSRF) allows an attacker to induce a victim user to perform actions that they do not intend to.
What is DOM based XSS?
Definition. DOM Based XSS (or as it is called in some texts, “type-0 XSS”) is an XSS attack wherein the attack payload is executed as a result of modifying the DOM “environment” in the victim's browser used by the original client side script, so that the client side code runs in an “unexpected” manner.
What is XSS stand for?
Cross site scripting (XSS) is an attack in which an attacker injects malicious executable scripts into the code of a trusted application or website. Attackers often initiate an XSS attack by sending a malicious link to a user and enticing the user to click it.
What are the dynamic contexts that could be prone to XSS?
A web page or web application is vulnerable to XSS if it uses unsanitized user input in the output that it generates . This user input must then be parsed by the victim's browser. XSS attacks are possible in VBScript, ActiveX, Flash, and even CSS.
