Landslides are caused by disturbances in the natural stability of a slope . They can accompany heavy rains or follow droughts, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions. Mudslides develop when water rapidly accumulates in the ground and results in a surge of water-saturated rock, earth, and debris.
What are the major causes and impacts of landslides?
Landslides can cause seismic disturbances ; landslides can also result from seismic disturbances, and earthquake-induced slides have caused loss of life in many countries. Slides can cause disastrous flooding, particularly when landslide dams across streams are breached, and flooding may trigger slides.
What may cause or trigger landslides?
Almost every landslide has multiple causes. ... Landslides can be initiated in slopes already on the verge of movement by rainfall, snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion , changes in ground water, earthquakes, volcanic activity, disturbance by human activities, or any combination of these factors.
What are three factors that cause landslides?
Landslides have three major causes: geology, morphology, and human activity . Geology refers to characteristics of the material itself. The earth or rock might be weak or fractured, or different layers may have different strengths and stiffness.
What are the triggering mechanisms that caused landslide?
The most common natural landslide triggers are described in this chapter, including intense rainfall, rapid snowmelt, water-level change, volcanic erup- tion, and earthquake shaking , and examples are pro- vided in which observations or measurements have documented the relationship between triggers and landslides.
What are the 5 causes of landslide?
Landslides can be initiated in slopes already on the verge of movement by rainfall, snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion, changes in ground water, earthquakes, volcanic activity, disturbance by human activities , or any combination of these factors.
What are 4 types of landslides?
They are classified into four main types: fall and toppling, slides (rotational and translational), flows and creep .
What are landslides and its effects?
The impact of a landslide can be extensive, including loss of life, destruction of infrastructure, damage to land and loss of natural resources . Landslide material can also block rivers and increase the risk of floods. ... After Tropical Storm Stan in 2005, landslides caused the watersheds in Guatemala to collapse.
How do landslides affect people’s lives?
People affected by landslides can also have short- and long-term mental health effects due to loss of family, property, livestock or crops. Landslides can also greatly impact the health system and essential services , such as water, electricity or communication lines.
How can we prevent landslide in hilly areas?
There are also various direct methods of preventing landslides; these include modifying slope geometry , using chemical agents to reinforce slope material, installing structures such as piles and retaining walls, grouting rock joints and fissures, diverting debris pathways, and rerouting surface and underwater drainage.
What are the human activities that causes landslides?
Human activities can increase landslide risks. They include clear-cutting, mining and quarrying, bad agricultural practices, and construction activities .
What are the different human activities that may trigger landslides?
- Deforestation.
- Excavation.
- Loading.
- Water management (Groundwater Draw-down and Water leakage)
- Land use (e.g. construction of roads, houses etc.)
- Mining and Quarrying.
- Vibration.
What are the two types of landslides?
movements are included in the general term “landslide,” the more restrictive use of the term refers only to mass movements, where there is a distinct zone of weakness that separates the slide material from more stable underlying material. The two major types of slides are rotational slides and translational slides .
What is the mechanism of landslide?
A slip surface formed in the ground of the slope causes a landslide. When rain or melting snow permeates through the ground, the groundwater level rises, and the groundwater is supplied to the slip surface. As a result, the slope starts to move.
What are the different types of landslides?
- Rock falls. Single and small rock falls from cliffs build up to form aprons of scree or talus, sometimes developing over long time periods. ...
- Rock slope failures. This group of landslides varies greatly in features. ...
- Rotational landslides. ...
- Debris flows. ...
- Creep. ...
- Solifluction. ...
- Translational slides.
What is the difference between landslide and soil erosion?
Landslides are a type of soil erosion which transports soil at a short time and very large volume. While causes of soil erosion are rainfall, soil, slope, vegetation, and humans. Landslides and erosion are being related to the soil. ... Soil Erosion is process destroyed the soil by rainfall .
