There are three general approaches to biological control; importation, augmentation and conservation of natural enemies . Each of these techniques can be used either alone or in combination in a biological control program.
What are the two types of biological control?
There are three broad and somewhat overlapping types of biological control: conservation, classical biological control (introduction of natural enemies to a new locale), and augmentation.
What are the 3 approaches in biological control?
There are three primary methods of using biological control in the field: 1) conservation of existing natural enemies, 2) introducing new natural enemies and establishing a permanent population (called “classical biological control”), and 3) mass rearing and periodic release, either on a seasonal basis or inundatively.
What’s an example of biological control?
Examples of biological control include the destruction of the citrophilus mealybug in California by two parasitic species of chalcid wasps imported from Australia, Coccophagus gurneyi and Tetracnemus pretiosus ; the effective predation of an Australian ladybird beetle, or vedalia beetle (Rodolia cardinalis), on the ...
What are the four types of biological controls?
- Importation.
- Augmentation.
- Conservation.
- Predators.
- Parasitoids.
- Pathogens.
- Competitors.
- Combined use of parasitoids and pathogens.
What are biological methods?
Definition. Biological techniques are methods or procedures that are used to study living things . They include experimental and computational methods, approaches, protocols and tools for biological research.
What are the 3 methods of pest control?
- Physical methods of pest control. This is one of the natural methods of pest control; it is a non-chemical pest control method. ...
- Chemical methods of pest control. ...
- Cultural methods of pest control. ...
- Biological methods of pest control.
What is the key to IPM?
IPM means responding to pest problems with the most effective, least-risk option . Under IPM, actions are taken to control pests only when their numbers are likely to exceed acceptable levels. Any action taken is designed to target the troublesome pest and limit the impact on other organisms and the environment.
What is biological control method?
Biological control is a method of restricting effects of harmful animals, pathogens and plants using other useful organisms , e.g. microorganisms, insects and plants that inhibit the harmful organisms. ... Today, biological control is used primarily for controlling pests in crop cultivation.
What is the importance of biological control?
Biological control is an element of an integrated pest management approach. It is an environmentally safe and efficient means of reducing pests by the use of natural enemies . Biological control agents are Predators, Parasitoid insects and Micro-organisms (bacteria, virus and fungi).
What is biological control of plant diseases?
Biological control of plant diseases can be broadly defined as the use of one organism to influence the activities of a plant pathogen . Biocontrol organisms can be fungi, bacteria, or nematodes.
What are cultural control methods?
Cultural control methods include properly selecting and rotating crops, sanitizing and solarizing the soil , choosing the best planting and harvest times, using resistant varieties and certified plants, taking advantage of allelopathy, and intercrop- ping. Certain pests are more common in some crops than in others.
What is augmentative biological control?
Definition: Augmentative biological control: The release of additional numbers of a natural enemy when too few are present to control a pest effectively . This relies on an ability to mass-produce large numbers of the natural enemy in a laboratory.
What is a successful biological control?
Biological control of pests, weeds and diseases (pest) is an integral part of a successful Integrated Pest Management plan. Biological control is the management of a pest through the use of their natural enemies (biological control agent).
Is used in biological pest control?
Biological control involves the mass-production and release of natural enemies such as parasitoids and predators to control pest insects in an environmentally sound manner. Radiation is used to increase the applicability, cost-effectiveness and safety of rearing, shipping and deploying such natural enemies.
What is an example of a biological control attempt that went wrong?
Cane toads , which were introduced in 1935 to control cane beetles in Queensland’s sugar cane crops, are probably the most infamous example of biocontrol going wrong in Australia.
