Kohlberg identified three distinct levels of moral reasoning: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional .
What is the moral reasoning process?
Moral reasoning refers to the logical process of determining whether an action is right or wrong . Often, one engages in moral reasoning when faced with a decision over what to do, meaning the actions have yet to occur.
What are the three stages of moral development according to Gilligan?
Like Kohlberg, Gilligan proposed three stages in her Ethics of Care theory: pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional . Within each stage, there are goals and specific transition points that move the individual through the stages.
What is moral reasoning quizlet?
Moral reasoning. Thinking process involved in deciding whether an act is right or wrong ; influenced by social cognitive skills. Premoral, heteronomous morality; autonomous morality.
What are the three components of moral reasoning?
Kohlberg identified three levels of moral reasoning: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional .
Is it important to develop a moral reasoning?
Starting from a young age, people can make moral decisions about what is right and wrong; this makes morality fundamental to the human condition. ... Moral reasoning is an important and often daily process that people use when trying to do the right thing .
What factors influence moral reasoning?
Moral development is strongly influenced by interpersonal factors, such as family, peers, and culture . Intrapersonal factors also impact moral development, such as cognitive changes, emotions, and even neurodevelopment.
What are the 7 steps of moral reasoning?
- State the problem. ...
- Check the facts. ...
- Identify relevant factors (internal and external).
- Develop a list of options. ...
- Test the options. ...
- Make a choice based on steps 1-5.
- Review steps 1-6.
What are the two types of moral reasoning?
The first we may call consequentialist (or utilitarian or teleological) reasoning, in which ends are identified as good and means are selected that will lead to those ends; the second is generally called nonconsequentialist (or deontological) reasoning , in which rules are accepted as good and acts are judged right or ...
What are examples of moral reasoning?
For instance, one could argue that it is okay to kill one person if it would save five, because more people would be saved, but killing itself is immoral. Moral judgments and decisions are often driven by automatic , affective responses, rather than explicit reasoning.
How does Carol Gilligan differentiate between female and male morality?
Gilligan identified two moral voices that arise from two distinct developmental pathways. According to Gilligan, the male voice emphasizes independence (“separation”) and responsibility for oneself , whereas the female voice emphasizes interdependence (“connection”) and responsibility to others.
What is Preconventional morality?
In human behaviour: A moral sense. ...the early level, that of preconventional moral reasoning, the child uses external and physical events (such as pleasure or pain) as the source for decisions about moral rightness or wrongness; his standards are based strictly on what will avoid punishment or bring pleasure.
What is Gilligan’s view on morality?
She believes that women tend to develop morality in stages . These stages follow Kohlberg’s moral stages of preconventional, conventional, and postconventional, but are based upon research with women. The stages are: Preconventional morality – During this stage, there is a strong focus on survival and self-interest.
What is the primary goal of moral reasoning?
Moral reasoning applies critical analysis to specific events to determine what is right or wrong, and what people ought to do in a particular situation . Both philosophers and psychologists study moral reasoning.
What is Postconventional moral reasoning?
Postconventional morality is the third stage of moral development , and is characterized by an individuals’ understanding of universal ethical principles. These are abstract and ill-defined, but might include: the preservation of life at all costs, and the importance of human dignity.
What is Preconventional morality quizlet?
Preconventional Morality. At this level, the concrete interests of the individual are considered in terms of rewards and punishments . Conventional Morality. At this level, people approach moral problems as members of society. They are interested in pleasing others by acting as good members of society.
