Kohlberg defined three levels of moral development: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional . Each level has two distinct stages.
What are the three steps in Carol Gilligan’s theory of moral development?
Gilligan’s theory focused on both care-based morality and justice-based morality by proposing three stages of moral development: pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional .
Which theory of moral development is best?
American psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg developed one of the best-known theories exploring some of these basic questions. 2 His work modified and expanded upon Jean Piaget’s previous work but was more centered on explaining how children develop moral reasoning.
What is Freud’s theory of moral development?
Written by the founder of psychoanalysis, Freud 1962 proposed the existence of a tension between the needs of society and the individual. According to Freud, moral development proceeds when the individual’s selfish desires are repressed and replaced by the values of important socializing agents in one’s life .
What are the two theories of moral development?
Jean Piaget believed that there were two main levels to moral development during childhood. The first is called heteronomous morality, and the second is called autonomous morality .
What are the 5 stages of moral development?
- Introduction.
- Theoretical framework. Level 1: Preconventional level. Stage 1: Punishment/obedience orientation. Stage 2: Instrumental purpose orientation. Level 2: Conventional level. Stage 3: Good Boy/Nice Girl orientation. Stage 4: Law and order orientation. ...
- Basic tenets of Kohlberg’s theory.
- Measurement of moral development.
What are the major theories of moral development?
Kohlberg defined three levels of moral development: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional . Each level has two distinct stages. During the preconventional level, a child’s sense of morality is externally controlled.
What is Gilligans theory?
Carol Gilligan states that the post-conventional level of moral thinking can be dealt based on the two types of thinking. Gilligan’s theory is based on the two main ideas, the care-based morality (usually found in women) and the justice-based morality (usually found in men).
How many different theories of morality are there?
There are a number of moral theories: utilitarianism, Kantianism, virtue theory, the four principles approach and casuistry . Utilitarians think that the point of morality is to maximize the amount of happiness that we produce from every action.
How does Carol Gilligan differentiate between female and male morality?
Gilligan identified two moral voices that arise from two distinct developmental pathways. According to Gilligan, the male voice emphasizes independence (“separation”) and responsibility for oneself , whereas the female voice emphasizes interdependence (“connection”) and responsibility to others.
What is moral development example?
Moral decisions are based on either being good by following the rules or being bad by breaking them . For example, a child may think, ‘I don’t want to be spanked so I’m not going to hit my brother!’ Stage 2 is about self-reward. Moral decisions in this stage are based on getting a reward that is personally meaningful.
What do you mean by moral development?
Moral development refers to the process whereby people form a progressive sense of what is right and wrong, proper and improper .
Why is moral development important?
Moral development is an important part of the socialization process . ... Moral development prevents people from acting on unchecked urges, instead considering what is right for society and good for others. Lawrence Kohlberg (1927–1987) was interested in how people learn to decide what is right and what is wrong.
What is Piaget moral development theory?
Moral development refers to the process through which children develop the standards of right and wrong within their society, based on social and cultural norms, and laws. ... Piaget conceptualizes moral development as a constructivist process , whereby the interplay of action and thought builds moral concepts.
What is the moral domain theory?
Moral domain theory has proposed that individuals acquire moral concepts about fairness, others’ welfare, and rights (the “moral” domain) beginning in early childhood, and that this knowledge develops during childhood and adolescence.
What are the six stages of the theory of moral development?
Like Piaget, subjects were unlikely to regress in their moral development, but instead, moved forward through the stages: pre-conventional, conventional, and finally post-conventional . Each stage offers a new perspective, but not everyone functions at the highest level all the time.
