Subsequent sections focus on the attributes of a surveillance system ( simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, sensitivity, predictive value positive, representativeness, and timeliness ) and demonstrate how these combine to affect the usefulness and cost of a system.
How do you evaluate surveillance system in public health?
The evaluation of public health surveillance systems should involve an assessment of system attributes , including simplicity, flexibility, data quality, acceptability, sensitivity, predictive value positive, representativeness, timeliness, and stability.
What are the elements of a surveillance system?
Each of these sectors contributes to the four basic components of surveillance, which are (1) collection, (2) analysis, (3) dissemination, and (4) response . Collection and analysis can be conducted at the local, state, federal, or international level by public agencies as well as by private industry.
What are the four types of surveillance systems?
Slide 7: Types of Surveillance
Passive surveillance, active surveillance, and also syndromic surveillance .
What are the 5 steps of surveillance?
- Reporting. Someone has to record the data. ...
- Data accumulation. Someone has to be responsible for collecting the data from all the reporters and putting it all together. ...
- Data analysis. ...
- Judgment and action.
What are the two types of surveillance?
There are two primary types of disease surveillance: passive and active .
What are surveillance activities?
Surveillance activities are critical to detecting vaccine-preventable diseases and gaining information to help control or address a problem . However, complete and accurate reporting of cases is dependent on many factors, such as reporting source, timeliness of investigation, and completeness of data.
What are three features of a good public health surveillance system?
- Simplicity.
- Flexibility.
- Acceptability.
- Sensitivity.
- Predictive value positive.
- Representativeness.
- Timeliness.
What is an example of public health surveillance?
For example, the objective of surveillance for tuberculosis might be to identify persons with active disease to ensure that their disease is adequately treated. For such an objective, data collection should be sufficiently frequent, timely, and complete to allow effective treatment.
Why do we undertake public health surveillance?
Surveillance is crucial because it contributes to better prevention and management of noncommunicable diseases . Through the data collected, countries are able to set their priorities and develop targeted interventions to reverse the noncommunicable disease epidemic.
Who can carry out health surveillance?
Medical surveillance should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified occupational health nurse or medical practitioner familiar with the aims of health surveillance and the process you work with.
What are different types of surveillance?
- Electronic surveillance – Electronic surveillance equipment is often the most used tool during an investigation. ...
- Interviews – Interviews are far less common, but they can serve a purpose in certain investigations. ...
- Observation – You can gather a lot of information just by observing someone.
How do you create a surveillance system?
- Establish objectives.
- Develop case definitions.
- Determine data sources data-collection mechanism (type of system)
- Determine data-collection instruments.
- Field-test methods.
- Develop and test analytic approach.
- Develop dissemination mechanism.
- Assure use of analysis and interpretation.
Who steps of surveillance?
The WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) is the WHO-recommended framework for NCD surveillance . We are building one common approach to defining core variables for surveys, surveillance and monitoring instruments. The goal is to achieve data comparability over time and between countries.
What is an example of process surveillance?
Examples of processes: Central line insertion practices (CLIPs), surgical care processes (e.g., preoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis), medication errors, influenza vaccination rates, hepatitis B immunity rates, personnel compliance with protocols, etc.
What is process of surveillance?
Process surveillance, the consistent and quanti- tative monitoring of practices that directly or indirectly contribute to a health outcome and the use of those data to improve outcomes , has begun to emerge as a valid and important measurement tool for health care organizations.
