Explanation: A bond formed by sharing of electrons is known as a covalent bond. Therefore, an oxygen atom combines with two hydrogen atoms by sharing of electrons. Thus, we can conclude that the statement an oxygen atom shares an electron pair with each H atom , best describes the bonding in a water molecule.
What does a bonded water molecule look like?
A water molecule looks kind of like a boomerang .
The oxygen atom still has two extra sets of electrons that nothing is bonded to (these are called lone pairs. ... These lone pairs push away the bonded electrons, which cause the water molecule’s structure to look like a boomerang.
What kind of bonding occurs in the water molecule?
Strong linkages—called covalent bonds —hold together the hydrogen (white) and oxygen (red) atoms of individual H 2 O molecules. Covalent bonds occur when two atoms—in this case oxygen and hydrogen—share electrons with each other.
What are the types of hydrogen bonding?
Hydrogen bondings are of two types, and it is classified as the following: The Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding . The Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding .
What causes hydrogen bonding in water?
Hydrogen bonds are attractions of electrostatic force caused by the difference in charge between slightly positive hydrogen ions and other, slightly negative ions . ... The attraction between individual water molecules creates a bond known as a hydrogen bond.
What is the structure and bonding of water?
A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom , and its overall structure is bent. This is because the oxygen atom, in addition to forming bonds with the hydrogen atoms, also carries two pairs of unshared electrons. All of the electron pairs—shared and unshared—repel each other.
What do the lines between O and H represent in a water molecule?
Each oxygen can form two hydrogen bonds , represented by dotted lines. is the key to many of water’s unique physical properties. ... This interaction, shaded yellow here, is known as a hydrogen bond. Nearly all the unique properties of water arise from water’s H-bond capabilities.
What is the bond angle of a water molecule?
The actual bond angle in the water molecule is 104.5° .
Which type of hydrogen bonding is stronger?
Symmetric hydrogen bond
The strength of the bond to each of those atoms is equal. It is an example of a three-center four-electron bond. This type of bond is much stronger than a “normal” hydrogen bond. The effective bond order is 0.5, so its strength is comparable to a covalent bond.
What are the requirements for hydrogen bonding?
- First molecules has hydrogen attached to a highly electronegative atom (N,O,F). (hydrogen bond donor)
- Second molecule has a lone pair of electrons on a small highly electronegative atom (N,O,F). (hydrogen bond acceptor)
What are the applications of hydrogen bonding?
Applications for Hydrogen Bonds
Hydrogen bonds occur in inorganic molecules, such as water, and organic molecules, such as DNA and proteins . The two complementary strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotides (A&T, C&G).
How do you know when hydrogen bonding occurs?
In order for a hydrogen bond to occur there must be both a hydrogen donor and an acceptor present . The donor in a hydrogen bond is usually a strongly electronegative atom such as N, O, or F that is covalently bonded to a hydrogen bond.
What is hydrogen bonding explain with example?
Hydrogen-bond meaning
The definition of hydrogen bond is a chemical bond between the hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom. An example of hydrogen bond is water molecules bonding together in the form of ice . ... if bridging two similar electronegative atoms or groups from two different molecules.
What causes hydrogen bonding quizlet?
What causes hydrogen bonding? Why is hydrogen bonding only possible with hydrogen? a. Hydrogen’s nucleus is electron deficient when it bonds with an electronegative atom .
What are the 5 properties of water?
The main properties of water are its polarity, cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, high specific heat, and evaporative cooling . A water molecule is slightly charged on both ends.
What are the 2 components of water?
To find out what water is made of, it helps to look at its chemical formula, which is H2O. This basically tells us that the water molecule is composed of two elements: hydrogen and oxygen or , more precisely, two hydrogen atoms (H2) and one oxygen atom (O). Hydrogen and oxygen are gases at room temperature.
