Sparta and its allies accused Athens of aggression and threatened war . On the advice of Pericles, its most influential leader, Athens refused to back down. Diplomatic efforts to resolve the dispute failed. Finally, in the spring of 431, a Spartan ally, Thebes, attacked an Athenian ally, Plataea, and open war began.
What are 3 causes of the Peloponnesian War?
- Sparta was jealous of other powers and desired more power for itself.
- Sparta was unhappy at no longer having all the military glory.
- Athen bullied its allies and neutral cities.
- There was a conflict among city-states between competing political ideologies.
How did the first Peloponnesian war start?
The First Peloponnesian War began in 460 BC with the Battle of Oenoe , where Spartan forces were defeated by those of Athenian-Argive alliance. ... The Athenians were defeated in 454 BC by the Persians in Egypt which caused them to enter into a five years’ truce with Sparta.
What caused the Peloponnesian War and why did the Athenians loss?
In 430 BC, an outbreak of a plague hit Athens . The plague ravaged the densely packed city, and in the long run, was a significant cause of its final defeat. The plague wiped out over 30,000 citizens, sailors and soldiers, including Pericles and his sons. Roughly one-third to two-thirds of the Athenian population died.
Which development eventually led to the Peloponnesian War?
Which development eventually led to the Peloponnesian war? Rivalry between Athens and Sparta for power in Greece . Which group resented Athens growing power after winning the 2nd persian war?
What caused the Peloponnesian War quizlet?
What caused the Peloponnesian War? Greece was not big enough for the Delian League and the Peloponnesian League to be in control. Each league was fighting for allegiance with the city-states .
What did Thucydides say was the real cause of the Peloponnesian War?
What was the real cause of the Peloponnesian War according to Thucydides? (1.23) What can we learn from his analysis today? The real cause for war was the growth of Athens’s power and the fear it caused in Sparta . We can learn that fear is still a major component in war today.
Who won the Persian war?
Though the outcome of battles seemed to tip in Persia’s favor (such as the famed battle at Thermopylae where a limited number of Spartans managed to wage an impressive stand against the Persians), the Greeks won the war. There are two factors that helped the Greeks defeat the Persian Empire.
How did the Peloponnesian War end?
It would be another decade of warfare before the Spartan general Lysander defeated the Athenian fleet at Aegospotami. This defeat led to Athenian surrender . As a result, the Peloponnesian War was concluded. Simultaneous to the end of this conflict came the end of the golden age of ancient Greece.
How many Peloponnesian Wars were there?
The Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies came in two stages : from c. 460 to 446 and from 431 to 404 BCE. With battles at home and abroad, the long and complex conflict was damaging to both sides.
Why did Athens and Sparta come to blows in the great Peloponnesian War what was each side’s strategy for victory Why did Sparta win the war?
What was each side’s strategy for victory? Why did Sparta win the war? Sparta and its allies felt that Athens was too ambitious and was threatening to take over the Peloponnesian League . The Corinthians, who were Spartan allies, convinced Sparta that Athens would not stop until they took over all of Greece.
What caused the fall of Athens?
Three major causes of the rise and fall of Athens were its democracy, its leadership, and its arrogance . The democracy produced many great leaders, but unfortunately, also many bad leaders. Their arrogance was a result of great leadership in the Persian Wars, and it led to the end of Athenian power in Greece.
Why did Athens win the Peloponnesian War?
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How did the Peloponnesian War contribute to the expansion of Macedonia?
How did the Peloponnesian War contribute to the expansion of Macedonia? The Greeks were weak from fighting the Peloponnesian War so Phillip of Macedonia was able to easily conquer them . ... Alexander hoped that Greek ideas, customs, and traditions would blend with the diverse cultures of the people he had conquered.
What were two effects of the Peloponnesian War?
The Peloponnesian War ended in victory for Sparta and its allies, and led directly to the rising naval power of Sparta. However, it marked the demise of Athenian naval and political hegemony throughout the Mediterranean .
Who led the Peloponnesian League *?
The Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC) was an ancient Greek war fought between the Delian League, which was led by Athens, and the Peloponnesian League, which was led by Sparta . Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases.
What was one effect of the Peloponnesian War quizlet?
One effect of the Peloponnesian War is the weakening of Greece . After Athens and Sparta had ended this War, Greece was weakened and Macedonia took the opportunity to attack the Empire.
What ended the Persian Empire?
Fall of the Persian Empire
The Achaemenid dynasty finally fell to the invading armies of Alexander the Great of Macedon in 330 B.C. Subsequent rulers sought to restore the Persian Empire to its Achaemenian boundaries, though the empire never quite regained the enormous size it had achieved under Cyrus the Great.
What did Thucydides believe in?
Thucydides believed that the Peloponnesian War represented an event of unmatched importance . As such, he began to write the History at the onset of the war in 431 BC. He declared his intention was to write an account which would serve as “a possession for all time”.
Is Spartan 300 a true story?
Like the comic book, the “300” takes inspirations from the real Battle of Thermopylae and the events that took place in the year of 480 BC in ancient Greece. An epic movie for an epic historical event.
Did Persia ever conquer Greece?
In 480 BC , Xerxes personally led the second Persian invasion of Greece with one of the largest ancient armies ever assembled. Victory over the allied Greek states at the famous Battle of Thermopylae allowed the Persians to torch an evacuated Athens and overrun most of Greece.
Did Sparta ever lose a war?
The decisive defeat of the Spartan hoplite army by the armed forces of Thebes at the battle of Leuctra in 371 B.C. ended an epoch in Greek military history and permanently altered the Greek balance of power.
Why did Athens lose the Peloponnesian War quizlet?
What contributed to Athens losing the Peloponnesian War? – Athens was overcrowded, and a plague spread through the city . – The death of Pericles led the Spartans to attack Athens directly. – The Spartans successfully broke through the walls around Athens.
Who was Sparta allies in the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta acquired two powerful allies, Corinth and Elis (also city-states) , by ridding Corinth of tyranny, and helping Elis secure control of the Olympic Games.
What was Athens strategy during the Peloponnesian War?
Initially Athens’ strategy, as guided by Pericles, was to avoid open battle with the more numerous and better trained Spartan hoplites, and to instead rely on Athens’ superior naval fleet .
What events happened during the Peloponnesian War?
| 431 Peloponnesian War begins. Siege of Potidaea. Plague in Athens. | 429 Pericles dies. Siege of Plataea (-427) | 428 Revolt of Mitylene. | 427 Athenian Expedition to Sicily. [See map of Sicily and Sardinia.] | 421 Peace of Nicias. |
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What was the main thing Alexander did to spread Greek ideas?
One way Alexander tried to accomplish his goal was by building Greek-style cities . He established many cities in different parts of the empire. Like Greek cities, they had marketplaces, temples, and theaters. Settlers from Greece flocked to Alexander’s cities.
