The federal Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA) established in 1974 and last reauthorized in 2002, provides crucial support for state programs that assist communities to take a comprehensive approach to juvenile crime prevention and to address the needs of vulnerable youth and those of their ...
What are the four D’s of the 1974 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act?
The juvenile justice system underwent a process that has been described as the four Ds: (1) Decriminalization, that is, taking status offenders out from delinquency definitions and constraining court authority with these youths; (2) Diversion from the court of lesser offenders, including status offenders; (3) Due ...
What is the purpose of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 quizlet?
The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Act of 1974 prohibits the placement of status offenders in secure detention facilities . The amendment in 1989 required that states removed all juveniles from adult jails and lockups, because they can be victimized by other inmates and staff, and subject to abuse.
What does the Ojjdp do?
About the Office
A component of the Office of Justice Programs within the U.S. Department of Justice, OJJDP works to prevent juvenile delinquency, improve the juvenile justice system, and protect children .
What is the primary goal of juvenile courts quizlet?
Courts in the juvenile justice system are focused on rehabilitating juveniles rather than punishing them like adults. The system has a lot of flexibility because its main goal is to correct juvenile offenders and not necessarily to punish them.
What is considered the most important goal of the juvenile justice system?
The primary goals of the juvenile justice system, in addition to maintaining public safety, are skill development , habilitation, rehabilitation, addressing treatment needs, and successful reintegration of youth into the community.
What are some issues in the juvenile justice system?
Youth in the juvenile justice system have been found to have high rates of substance use disorders, disruptive disorders (including conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], and oppositional defiant disorder), anxiety disorders (including post-traumatic stress, panic, obsessive-compulsive, and ...
What are the factors contributing to delinquency?
- Developmental abnormalities. Developmental issues or genetic abnormalities can be a strong force in juvenile delinquency. ...
- Poor sleep. ...
- Food habits. ...
- Physical ailments. ...
- Dominance and egocentricism. ...
- Mental abnormalities. ...
- Conflicts. ...
- Emotional instability.
What are the 4 primary steps in the juvenile justice system?
What are the steps or stages in the juvenile justice system? The juvenile justice system is a multistage process: (1) delinquent behavior, (2) referral, (3) intake/diversion, (4) transfer/waiver, (5) detention , (6) adjudication, (7) disposition, (8) juvenile corrections and (9) aftercare.
Can 16 year olds get the death penalty?
The United States Supreme Court prohibits execution for crimes committed at the age of fifteen or younger. Nineteen states have laws permitting the execution of persons who committed crimes at sixteen or seventeen . ... Twenty-two juvenile offenders have been executed and 82 remain on death row.
What are the benefits of the juvenile justice system?
- protection from physical and sexual abuse by keeping them apart from adult offenders.
- rehabilitation through psychological counseling, substance addiction treatment and access to education.
- structure and routine to facilitate rehabilitation.
How many states try juveniles as adults?
In 47 states, the maximum age of juvenile court jurisdiction is age 17. In 2020, Vermont became the first state in the nation to expand juvenile court jurisdiction to 18. Three states– Georgia, Texas and Wisconsin–now draw the juvenile/adult line at age 16.
What are the two types of cases that juvenile courts handle?
In certain circumstances, a juvenile can be tried in adult criminal court. Not all cases heard in juvenile court are delinquency cases (those involving the commission of a crime). There are two other types of cases: dependency cases and status offenses .
What do problem-solving courts focus on quizlet?
Problem-solving courts are designed to address the core problems of offenders . Even though the process of restorative justice is different from more traditional punishment, the outcomes are often quite similar. Restorative justice has been found to be both effective and surprisingly easy to implement and use.
Why was the juvenile court system created?
First established in 1899 in Cook County, Illinois and then rapidly spread across the country, the juvenile court became the unifying entity that led to a juvenile justice system. ... The primary motive of the juvenile court was to provide rehabilitation and protective supervision for youth.
How can the juvenile justice system be improved?
During the past two decades, major reform efforts in juvenile justice have focused on reducing the use of detention and secure confinement; improving conditions of confinement; closing large institutions and reinvesting in community-based programs; providing high-quality, evidence- based services for youth in the ...
