Clusters of bruises are often found in abused children and are thought to indicate defensive injuries, or grab marks , especially if they are found on the upper arms and outer thighs. [11,12] Finally, the presence of petechiae in association with bruising has been found to be a strong indicator of abuse.
What are the 4 areas of abuse?
| Physical Abuse Emotional Abuse Sexual Abuse | A parent or carer fabricating the symptoms of, or deliberately inducing, illness in a child Imposing expectations that are inappropriate to the development of the child Making children watch sexual activities |
|---|
What do grab bruises look like?
The most common types are grab marks or squeeze marks, oval-shaped bruises that resemble fingerprints . Grab marks usually are due to being held during violent shaking. The most common site is the upper arm or shoulder. Grab marks of the lower extremities also are common until the child learns to walk.
What are grab marks?
The aluminum grab marks also referred to as aluminum racking marks, are the result in the anodizing process from grabbing directly onto the aluminum that allows the electrical current to flow through the aluminum trim.
How do you identify a bruise?
Bruises change in appearance over time, and it may be possible to tell by looking at a bruise how old it is. When it first appears, a bruise will be reddish looking, reflecting the color of the blood in the skin. By 1-2 days, the reddish iron from the blood undergoes a change and the bruise will appear blue or purple .
Can a squeeze cause a bruise?
Bruising due to abusive squeezing also forms along lines of greatest anatomical stress, resulting in a negative imprint of the flexural folds of the hand. Four cases of children with this unique pattern of bruising due to abusive squeezing are presented.
Why do I have little bruises on my thighs?
Unexplained bruising on the legs can occur in both adults and children due to a variety of factors, including injury, age, an underlying health condition , or even things like medication. For example, in adults, bruising can occur more easily as we age due to thinning of the skin.
What type of abuse is the hardest to detect?
Emotional abuse often coexists with other forms of abuse, and it is the most difficult to identify. Many of its potential consequences, such as learning and speech problems and delays in physical development, can also occur in children who are not being emotionally abused.
What are the 7 types of abuse?
- Physical abuse.
- Sexual abuse.
- Emotional or psychological abuse.
- Neglect.
- Abandonment.
- Financial abuse.
- Self-neglect.
What counts as verbal abuse?
Verbal abuse, also known as emotional abuse, is a range of words or behaviors used to manipulate, intimidate, and maintain power and control over someone . These include insults, humiliation and ridicule, the silent treatment, and attempts to scare, isolate, and control.
Is it OK to grab a child by the arm?
But be careful: Lifting or grabbing a child by the arms can result in a common injury called “nursemaid’s elbow ,” also known as “pulled elbow.” It occurs when a bone in a child’s lower arm becomes partially dislocated at the elbow joint, causing sudden pain around the elbow.
Can you hit your kid with a belt?
While it is a controversial topic, there are many parents out there who prefer to give their kids a smack as a way to discipline them, rather then alternative measures. ... The answer to the above question according to the current law is: it’s not illegal to smack your children in NSW.
What is a patterned bruise?
Patterned bruises often result from abusive injuries . The bruise pattern commonly mimics the injuring object. 1 . With high-velocity injuries, like whippings or slaps, an unbruised negative image of the cord or hand may be outlined by a fine rim of petechae.
What causes bruises to appear without injury?
You may begin to bruise easily if you aren’t getting enough iron . That’s because your body needs iron to keep your blood cells healthy. If your blood cells aren’t healthy, your body won’t be able to get the oxygen that it needs to function. This may make your skin more susceptible to bruising.
What causes small bruises to appear?
A bruise, or contusion, appears on the skin due to trauma . Examples of trauma are a cut or a blow to an area of the body. The injury causes tiny blood vessels called capillaries to burst. Blood gets trapped below the skin’s surface, which causes a bruise.
Why do my bruises never go away?
Another more uncommon reason for a bruise that won’t go away is known as heterotopic ossification . This happens when your body builds up calcium deposits around the site of your injury. It will make your bruise tender and firm to the touch, and it’s something your doctor can diagnose with an X-ray.
