Complementary strands. (Science: molecular biology) two single strands of dna in which the nucleotide Sequence is such that they will bind as a result of base pairing throughout their full length.
What is a complementary strand of DNA example?
Complementary sequence: Nucleic acid sequence of bases that can form a double- stranded structure by matching base pairs. For example, the complementary sequence to C-A-T-G (where each letter stands for one of the bases in DNA) is G-T-A-C.
What is the complementary strand of DNA?
Complementary strands. (Science: molecular biology) two single strands of dna in which the nucleotide Sequence is such that they will bind as a result of base pairing throughout their full length.
What is the complementary strand called?
During the process of transcription ...
Only one strand is actively used as a template in the transcription process, this is known as the sense strand, or template strand. The complementary DNA strand, the one that is not used, is called the nonsense or antisense strand .
What is meant by complementary DNA?
Complementary DNA (cDNA) is a DNA copy of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule produced by reverse transcriptase , a DNA polymerase that can use either DNA or RNA as a template.
Why are DNA strands complementary?
The nitrogen bases can only pair in a certain way: A pairing with T and C pairing with G. Due to the base pairing , the DNA strands are complementary to each other, run in opposite directions, and are called antiparallel strands.
What are the four base pairs in DNA?
There are four nucleotides, or bases, in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) . These bases form specific pairs (A with T, and G with C).
How do complementary strands work?
DNA replication occurs through the help of several enzymes. These enzymes “unzip” DNA molecules by breaking the hydrogen bonds that hold the two strands together . Each strand then serves as a template for a new complementary strand to be created. Complementary bases attach to one another (A-T and C-G).
How do you transcribe DNA?
It involves copying a gene’s DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule. Transcription is performed by enzymes called RNA polymerases , which link nucleotides to form an RNA strand (using a DNA strand as a template). Transcription has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.
Why do Okazaki fragments form?
Okazaki fragments are formed on the lagging strand for the synthesis of DNA in a 5′ to 3′ direction towards the replication fork . ... The fragments exist as replication of DNA takes place in the 5′ -> 3′ direction due to the action of the DNA polymerase on the 3′- OH of the current strand to add free nucleotides.
What is the complementary mRNA Strand?
The opposite strand (that is, the strand with a base sequence directly corresponding to the mRNA sequence) is called the coding strand or the mRNA-like strand because the sequence corresponds to the codons that are translated into protein. ... The lower strand is the strand that is complementary to the mRNA.
What are complementary bases?
What is a complementary base? A complementary base is either of the two nitrogen-containing sections of a nucleotide that bond together to connect strands of DNA or RNA . DNA and RNA are complex molecules that are central to genetics and both are made of things called nucleotides.
What is the difference between DNA and cDNA?
The key difference between DNA and cDNA is that the DNA contains both exons and introns while the cDNA contains only exons . DNA and cDNA are two types of nucleic acids that are made up of deoxyribonucleotides. DNA is one of the most important macromolecules of living organisms that makes the genome.
What is complementary DNA used for?
Complementary DNA (cDNA) is DNA synthesized from a mature mRNA template in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase and the enzyme DNA polymerase. cDNA is often used to clone eukaryotic genes in prokaryotes .
What does it mean to be complementary?
English Language Learners Definition of complementary
: completing something else or making it better : serving as a complement. —used of two things when each adds something to the other or helps to make the other better. : going together well : working well together.
