what is the cradle-to-grave system and what happens to the outputs of this kind of system? the goal of the system is to produce a good that can be mostly reused to make something new . the outputs of this kind of system are reused to make something new. national environmental protection act (NEPA) 1970.
What is cradle to grave system?
Cradle-to-Grave System — a procedure in which hazardous materials are identified and followed as they are produced, treated, transported, and disposed of by a series of permanent , linkable, descriptive documents (manifests).
What is cradle to grave assessment?
‘Cradle-to-grave’ assessment considers impacts at each stage of a product’s life-cycle , from the time natural resources are extracted from the ground and processed through each subsequent stage of manufacturing, transportation, product use, and ultimately, disposal.
What is Cradle to Cradle?
Cradle to cradle can be defined as the design and production of products of all types in such a way that at the end of their life, they can be truly recycled (upcycled), imitating nature’s cycle with everything either recycled or returned to the earth, directly or indirectly through food, as a completely safe, nontoxic ...
Where does cradle to grave come from?
The cradle is where you start life, and, of course, the grave is where you end it . In business, the term cradle to grave is used in reference to a firm’s perspective on the environmental impact created by their products or activities from the beginning of its life cycle to its end or disposal.
What is cradle method?
The cradle-to-cradle approach is a system that moves away from the conventional linear manufacturing process , which focuses on taking raw materials to produce products that will end up disposed, towards a circular approach by closing the loop in production and eliminating waste.
What is Cradle to Cradle in chemistry?
It stands for innovation, quality and beneficial design . Cradle to Cradle® describes the safe and potentially infinite circulation of materials and nutrients in cycles. All constituents are chemically harmless and recyclable. ... In this way, old products do not turn into waste but into “nutrients” for a new product.
What is the difference between cradle to cradle and cradle to grave?
Steering away from the grave
Most of the products we use today follow a cradle-to-grave mentality of “use it, lose it and bury it in the ground.” Cradle to Cradle, however, implies that the end of a product’s use cycle will be followed by the beginning of another – ad infinitum.
What does cradle to grave mean in history?
If something happens from the cradle to the grave or from cradle to grave, it happens throughout all of a person’s life . The bond of brotherhood was one to last from the cradle to the grave.
Is it cradle to grave or cradle to grave?
Two of the most basic terms in the ecological and sustainable design and architecture fields are “Cradle to Grave” and “Cradle to Cradle” . They relate to the product life cycle from the raw materials (Cradle) to disposal (Grave).
What’s another way to say cradle to grave?
| lifetime existence | natural life this mortal coil | all one’s born days allotted span | threescore years and ten years | life expectancy born days |
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Is cradle to cradle the same as circular economy?
C2C is a concept of total recycling through design . Circular Economy is a concept of companies integration in the objective of reusing the waste of a company as a resource for another one. ...
What is Cradle to Cradle in LCA?
Cradle-to-cradle LCA handles the specific situations in cradle-to-grave assessment , where the used product is exposed to a recycling process instead of disposal, to minimize the environmental impacts of used products by a number of sustainable production activities.
What are the 4 stages of LCA?
- Goal and scope definition.
- Inventory analysis.
- Impact assessment.
- Interpretation.
What is iso14040?
The ISO 14040 series standards, Life Cycle Assessment, address quantitative assessment methods for the assessment of the environmental aspects of a product or service in its entire life cycle stages. ISO 14040 is an overarching standard encompassing all four phases of LCA.
What is cradle gate?
Cradle-to-gate is an assessment of a partial product life cycle from resource extraction (cradle) to the factory gate (ie, before it is transported to the consumer). Cradle-to-gate assessments are sometimes the basis for environmental product declarations (EPD) termed business-to-business EDPs.
Which ISO standard are the procedures for cradle to grave assessment in?
There are four main steps involved in undertaking such a life-cycle assessment ( ISO 14044 and 14040 , EPA 2006). This is undertaken by a comprehensive “cradle-to-grave” analysis of its environmental effects from the time the compound is synthesized to the time it is destroyed.
What are the 5 stages of an LCA?
Everything that is produced goes through these five main life cycle stages: materiel extraction, manufacturing . packaging and transportation, use and end of life. At each of these stages, there are inputs and outputs, flow-throughs, value losses, and potential gains.
