For example, a major study which showed a deworming program in India was not effective for reducing mortality or improving weight gain was delayed from publication for 8 years (Hawkes).
What do you mean by publication bias?
Publication bias refers to the phenomenon that studies published in peer-refereed journals are much more likely to report statistically significant results than are studies that report a nonsignificant conclusion, especially for smaller studies.
What is publishing bias in research?
Dickersin & Min define publication bias as the failure to publish the results of a study “on the basis of the direction or strength of the study findings .” This non-publication introduces a bias which impacts the ability to accurately synthesize and describe the evidence in a given area.
How do you find the publication bias?
Publication bias can be directly detected by comparing published results and unpublished results from studies that investigate the same research question.
What does publication bias lead to?
Publication bias is a type of bias that occurs in published academic research. ... A consequence of this is that researchers are unduly motivated to manipulate their practices to ensure that a statistically significant result is reported . Multiple factors contribute to publication bias.
What is an example of publication?
The definition of publication is something that is written and printed. A magazine is an example of a publication.
Why is publication bias a problem?
Publication bias can lead to the formulation and testing of hypotheses based on false impressions from the scientific literature, wasting research opportunities, time, and money.
How common is publication bias?
Some studies state that the publication bias mostly originates when scientists choose not to report their findings as the rejection by the journal is only 6% of all the reasons for non-publishing (14, 15).
What is the publication bias in psychology?
Publication bias, in its most general definition, is the phenomenon that significant results have a better chance of being published , are published earlier, and are published in journals with higher impact factors [34].
Why is publication bias important?
Publication bias is one threat to delivering an unbiased effect estimate. 2 ,3 Publication bias is a phenomenon where journals are more likely to publish positive results , as these articles yield more citations. Non-significant publications are more prone to be rejected and remain unpublished.
How do you minimize publication bias?
Bias can be minimized by (1) insisting on high-quality research and thorough literature reviews , (2) eliminating the double standard concerning peer review and informed consent applied to clinical research and practice, (3) publishing legitimate trials regardless of their results, (4) requiring peer reviewers to ...
What is an example of outcome bias?
Outcome bias can be more dangerous than hindsight bias in that it only evaluates actual outcomes. For example, an investor decides to invest in real estate after learning a colleague made a big return on an investment in real estate when interest rates were at a different level. ... Gamblers also fall prey to outcome bias.
What do you mean by publication?
: the act or process of producing a book, magazine, etc ., and making it available to the public. : a book, magazine, etc., that has been printed and made available to the public. : the act of printing something (such as an article or photograph) in a magazine, newspaper, etc.
What is hindsight bias in psychology?
Hindsight bias is a psychological phenomenon that allows people to convince themselves after an event that they accurately predicted it before it happened . ... Hindsight bias is studied in behavioral economics because it is a common failing of individual investors.
How do you control recall bias?
Strategies that might reduce recall bias include careful selection of the research questions, choosing an appropriate data collection method , studying people to study with new-onset disease or use a prospective design, which is the most appropriate way to avoid recall bias.
What is the concept of bias?
Bias is an illogical or irrational preference or prejudice held by an individual , which may also be subconscious.
