Carol Gilligan, (born November 28, 1936, New York, New York, U.S.), American developmental psychologist best known for her research into the moral development of girls and women .
What are the characteristics of Carol Gilligan’s theory?
The moral development in Gilligan’s theory are based on pro-social behaviors such as Altruism, caring and helping and the traits such as honesty, fairness and respect .
What did Carol Gilligan propose?
Gilligan proposed the Stages of the Ethics of Care theory , which addresses what makes actions ‘right’ or ‘wrong’. Gilligan’s theory focused on both care-based morality and justice-based morality. Care-based morality is based on the following principles: Emphasizes interconnectedness and universality.
Was Carol Gilligan a feminist?
Carol Gilligan (/ˈɡɪlɪɡən/; born November 28, 1936) is an American feminist, ethicist , and psychologist best known for her work on ethical community and ethical relationships and certain subject-object problems in ethics. ... She is considered the originator of the ethics of care.
What is Carol Gilligan’s ethics of care?
An ethics of care directs our attention to the need for responsiveness in relationships (paying attention, listening, responding) and to the costs of losing connection with oneself or with others. Its logic is inductive, contextual, psychological, rather than deductive or mathematical.
Why Carol Gilligan disagree with Kohlberg’s theory?
Why was Carol Gilligan critical of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development? Gilligan criticized Kohlberg because his theory was based on the responses of upper class White men and boys, arguing that it was biased against women .
How does Carol Gilligan differentiate between female and male morality?
Gilligan identified two moral voices that arise from two distinct developmental pathways. According to Gilligan, the male voice emphasizes independence (“separation”) and responsibility for oneself , whereas the female voice emphasizes interdependence (“connection”) and responsibility to others.
What is the difference between Gilligan and Kohlberg regarding morals?
The differences between Kohlberg and Gilligan boil down to whether males and females define “morality” differently — with men focusing on justice concerns, according to Kohlberg, and females more focused on caring and relationship needs , according to Gilligan.
What does moral reasoning involve?
Moral reasoning applies critical analysis to specific events to determine what is right or wrong , and what people ought to do in a particular situation. ... Moral reasoning typically applies logic and moral theories, such as deontology or utilitarianism, to specific situations or dilemmas.
Why is care ethics important?
This requires attitudes of vigilance, attentiveness and sympathy. As for caring actions, care ethics encourages us to focus on our role in the web of relations that extends through our society and the world . Depending on our role in society, the caring actions available to us will vary greatly.
Is Carol Gilligan still teaching?
Gilligan has lectured at Princeton University and Michigan State University, she was Pitt Professor at the University of Cambridge in 1992 and 1993, and she has taught at New York University since 2002 .
Can a woman be a patriarch?
Patriarchy does not exist only in men. ... Women can be just as patriarchal as men by holding those same types of values and biases.
What did Carol Gilligan say about Kohlberg’s theory?
Carol Gilligan was one of Kohlberg’s research assistants. She believed that Kohlberg’s theory was inherently biased against women . Gilligan suggests that the biggest reason that there is a gender bias in Kohlberg’s theory is that males tend to focus on logic and rules.
What are the 4 main moral standards?
An overview of ethics and clinical ethics is presented in this review. The 4 main ethical principles, that is beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice , are defined and explained.
What is the highest level in the ethic of care?
At the highest stage of moral development, the post-conventional stage , a woman has learned to see herself and others as interdependent. These women have control of their lives and take responsibility for their decisions, a big part of which is the choice to care for others.
What are the 3 basic levels of moral thinking?
Kohlberg identified three distinct levels of moral reasoning: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional . Each level has two sub-stages.
