• Scholar-gentry—Those who were not chosen as scholar-officials were a kind of . social leader who taught and oversaw community projects , preached Confucian moral teachings, etc. They also were scribes, thus the Scholar’s Desk exhibit we have at the JSMA.
What is a person of the scholar-gentry class?
Scholar-gentry class: A term used to describe members of China’s landowning families , reflecting their wealth from the land and the privilege that they derived as government officials.
What was the significance of the scholar-gentry?
The scholar-gentry carried out social welfare measures, taught in private schools , helped negotiate minor legal disputes, supervised community projects, maintained local law and order, conducted Confucian ceremonies, assisted in the governments collection of taxes, and preached Confucian moral teachings.
Financially desperate gentry married into merchant families which led to a breakdown of the old class structure. With the abolition of the exam system and the overthrow of the Qing dynasty came the end of the scholar-official as a legal group .
How did people become a scholar official?
A candidate who passed the exams received an advanced degree , which qualified them for certain government positions. The highest degree gave candidates the title Jinshi. The policy that people had to earn government jobs is called the merit system. The people, who finally made it, were called the Scholar-Officials.
How did hiring scholar officials hurt China?
People wanted government jobs because they were respected and excused from taxes and military service. ... Hiring scholars hurt China in two ways: (1) people that knew science, math, and engineering were kept out of government (2) Confucian scholars had little respect for merchants – trade/business were not encouraged.
What did Confucius teach?
Confucius believed that all people–and the society they live in—benefit from a lifetime of learning and a moral outlook. Confucius was a Chinese philosopher, politician, and teacher whose message of knowledge, benevolence, loyalty, and virtue were the main guiding philosophy of China for thousands of years.
What are Chinese scholars called?
These scholar-officials, also known as the literati , performed the day-to-day governance of the state from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty, China’s last imperial dynasty, in 1912, but came to special prominence during the Tang period.
How did Confucianism affect Chinese society?
In fact, Confucianism built on an ancient religious foundation to establish the social values, institutions, and transcendent ideals of traditional Chinese society. ... Confucianism was part of the Chinese social fabric and way of life; to Confucians, everyday life was the arena of religion.
Who served as China’s scholar officials?
Who served as China’s scholar-officials? The educated people to passed the exam served as the scholar-officials.
Who was China’s most famous scholar?
Confucius , Pinyin romanization Kongfuzi or Kongzi, Wade-Giles K’ung-fu-tzu or K’ung-tzu, original name Kongqiu, literary name Zhongni, (born 551, Qufu, state of Lu [now in Shandong province, China]—died 479 bce, Lu), China’s most famous teacher, philosopher, and political theorist, whose ideas have profoundly ...
Who were the gentry in England?
The landed gentry, or the gentry, is a largely historical British social class of landowners who could live entirely from rental income , or at least had a country estate.
Who were the gentry in pre modern China?
The gentry was the class of landlords who did not themselves till their lands . They derived ;their wealth mainly, though not entirely, from the rents (often as substantial as ’12 of the value of the crop) paid to them by the peasants who worked on their lands.
Why were scholar officials respected in Chinese song?
Why were scholar-officials highly respected in Song China? They had to take exams that were very difficult to pass. Lead to gaining wealth and status .
What was the main reason scholar officials tried to excel at their jobs?
What was the main reason that scholar– officials tried to excel at their jobs? It was the main way for scholar– officials to be promoted to more important jobs.
What happens when a dynasty ends?
There was a pattern to rise and fall of all the dynasties that ruled China. It is called the dynastic cycle. ... Towards the end of the dynasty, there would be a major natural disaster or series of disasters , which the emperor would not or could not address, and the people would be left on their own.
