The self-discrepancy theory states that individuals compare their “actual” self to internalized standards or the “ideal/ought self” . ... The theory proposes how a variety of self-discrepancies represents a variety of types of negative psychological situations that are associated with different kinds of discomfort.
What is self discrepancy theory examples?
Discrepancies between the actual and ideal/ought selves can be motivating in some ways and prompt people to act for self-improvement. For example, if your ought self should volunteer more for the local animal shelter , then your actual self may be more inclined to do so.
Self-discrepancy theory (Higgins 1989) describes how individuals are likely to experience discomfort when they are holding conflicting or incompatible beliefs about themselves . Moreover, the type of discrepant self-representations explains the kind of discomfort or unpleasant feelings.
Who proposed discrepancy theory?
One influential perspective on what motivates people’s behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin’s self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
What is Higgins self discrepancy theory?
Self discrepancy theory was introduced by psychologist E. Tory Higgins (1987) with the purpose of explaining the relationship between aspects of the self and affect . In this theory, Higgins posits that individuals possess different types of self-guides, or standards, against which they compare their current self.
What are the three types of self in self-discrepancy theory?
Ideal self and ought self act as self guides with which the actual self aspires to be aligned. The ideal self represents hopes and wishes, whereas the ought self is determined through obligation and sense of duty. In terms of the ideal or ought discrepancy and specific to self-regulatory approach vs.
What is discrepancy in self concept?
Self-Guides in Self-Discrepancy Theory
When there is a discrepancy between individuals’ actual self and their self-guides, a self-discrepancy, people suffer emotionally . When the actual self is discrepant from an ideal, people feel sad, disappointed, discouraged— dejection-related emotions that relate to depression.
What is positive discrepancy?
If discrepancy is negative, subtract the amount to the Statement Opening Balance. If discrepancy is positive, add the amount to the Statement Opening Balance . You will now be able to post. An entry will be posted for the unresolved amount.
How do you calculate self discrepancy?
SELF-DISCREPANCY MEASUREMENT
To calculate actual-ideal discrepancy, subtract the actual-self extent rating from the ideal- self extent rating for each “ideal” attribute the participant listed . Then sum all the difference scores for each listed “ideal” attribute.
What is discrepancy theory of job satisfaction?
Lawler’s discrepancy theory suggests that a person’s job satisfaction or dissatisfaction comes from what they feel is important, valuable, or worthwhile rather than the fulfillment or un-fulfillment of their needs. A person’s importance rating of a variable is in reference to how much of something is wanted.
What is performance discrepancy?
A performance discrepancy is the difference between what is happening and what one would like to be happening .
What are the three domains of self?
There are three basic domains of the selfi (a) the actual self, which is your representation of the attributes that someone (yourself or another) believes you actually possess ; (b) the ideal self, which is your representation of the attributes that someone (yourself or another) would like you, ideally, to possess (i.e. ...
What is discrepancy math?
In mathematics, discrepancy theory describes the deviation of a situation from the state one would like it to be in . It is also called the theory of irregularities of distribution. ... The discrepancy (irregularity) measures how far a given distribution deviates from an ideal one.
What is the difference between actual self and ideal self?
“Actual self” is the way in which a person sees himself now. “Ideal self” is the way in which a person would like to see himself . “Social self” is the way in which a person believes others see him.
What is your ideal self?
According the Humanistic Psychologist Carl Rogers, the personality is composed of the Real Self and the Ideal Self. ... The Ideal Self is an idealized version of yourself created out of what you have learned from your life experiences, the demands of society, and what you admire in your role models .
What is the Sociometer theory of self esteem?
Sociometer theory proposes that self-esteem is a psychological gauge of the degree to which people perceive that they are relationally valued and socially accepted by other people .
