The galea aponeurotica (also called the galeal or epicranial aponeurosis or the aponeurosis epicranialis) is a tough fibrous sheet of connective tissue that extends over the cranium , forming the middle (third) layer of the scalp.
What is the function of the epicranial aponeurosis?
The bellies are connected by a thick fibrous sheath called epicranial aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica) onto which both of them attach. The function of occipitofrontalis muscle is to elevate the eyebrows and wrinkle the forehead skin with its frontal part, and to retract the scalp with its occipital part.
Where is the epicranial aponeurosis located?
The galea aponeurotica (epicranial aponeurosis) covers the upper part of the cranium ; behind, it is attached, in the interval between its union with the Occipitales, to the external occipital protuberance and highest nuchal lines of the occipital bone; in front, it forms a short and narrow prolongation between its ...
What muscles are attached to the epicranial aponeurosis?
In front, it forms a short and narrow prolongation between its union with the frontalis muscle (the frontal part of the occipitofrontalis muscle). On either side, the epicranial aponeurosis attaches to the anterior auricular muscles and the superior auricular muscles .
Is the epicranial aponeurosis a tendon?
Epicranial Aponeurosis also referred to as the Galea Aponeurotica or the aponeurosis epicranialis is a broad tendon and is the intermediate section of the occipitofrontalis muscle. It runs from the superior portion of the frontal bone and covers the parietal bones to the lambdoid suture.
What is aponeurosis made up of?
The aponeurosis is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue containing fibroblasts (collagen-secreting spindle-shaped cells) and bundles of collagenous fibres in ordered arrays. Aponeuroses are structurally similar to tendons and ligaments.
What is difference between aponeurosis and tendon?
What is the Difference Between Tendon and Aponeurosis? Tendon is a tough rope-like connective tissue that attaches a muscle to the bone while aponeurosis is a delicate sheath-like connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone.
Which is an example of aponeurosis?
The abdominal aponeurosis encloses the long muscles located in the stomach area, from the bottom of the chest to the top of the pubic area. These muscles are called the rectus abdominis muscles. ... Aponeuroses are thin tissues, and the abdominal aponeurosis is a great example.
When the knee is being flexed what is the fulcrum?
During flexion at the knee, the point of insertion of the hamstrings on the tibia is the effort , the knee joint is the fulcrum and the weight of the leg is the load. Third class lever systems are used to increase the speed of a body and allow a wide range of movement.
Which layer of scalp is vascular?
The blood vessels traverse the connective tissue layer , which receives vascular contribution from the internal and external carotid arteries. The blood vessels anastomose freely in the scalp. From the midline anteriorly, the arteries present as follows: Supratrochlear artery.
Where is aponeurosis found in the body?
The primary regions with thick aponeuroses are in the ventral abdominal region , the dorsal lumbar region, the ventriculus in birds, and the palmar (palms) and plantar (soles) regions.
Is aponeurosis a muscle?
Aponeuroses are connective tissues found on the surface of pennate muscles and are in close association with muscle fascicles. In addition to transmitting muscle forces to the external tendon, aponeurosis has been hypothesized to influence the direction of muscle shape change during a contraction.
When the toes are pointed down to the ground the movement is called?
When the toes are pointed down to the ground, the movement is called. plantar flexion .
What is a Galea in anatomy?
The galea aponeurotica (also called the galeal or epicranial aponeurosis or the aponeurosis epicranialis) is a tough fibrous sheet of connective tissue that extends over the cranium , forming the middle (third) layer of the scalp.
What is a deep fascia?
Deep fascia is a dense connective tissue that is commonly arranged in sheets that form a stocking around the muscles and tendons beneath the superficial fascia (1). ... The superficial fascia has two layers: the external fatty layer and the deep membranous layer (2,3).
What connects muscle to bone?
Tendons : Tendons connect muscles to bones. Made of fibrous tissue and collagen, tendons are tough but not very stretchy.
