Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations , and the application of this study to the control of health problems (1).
What is epidemiology in simple words?
By definition, epidemiology is the study (scientific, systematic, and data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (neighborhood, school, city, state, country, global).
What is epidemiology answer?
A, C, D. Epidemiology includes assessment of the distribution (including describing demographic characteristics of an affected population), determinants (including a study of possible risk factors), and the application to control health problems (such as closing a restaurant).
What is meant by epidemiological?
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations .
What is epidemiology and examples?
Epidemiology is the branch of medicine that investigates human populations to determine the causes and dissemination of diseases that impact different groups over a specific time frame. It also aids in developing control methods to contain the spread of disease.
What are the 3 major types of epidemiologic studies?
EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY DESIGNS
Three major types of epidemiologic studies are cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies (study designs are discussed in more detail in IOM, 2000). A cohort, or longitudinal, study follows a defined group over time.
What are the 5 main objectives of epidemiology?
In the mid-1980s, five major tasks of epidemiology in public health practice were identified: public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, and linkages .
What are the four uses of epidemiology?
For community diagnosis of the presence, nature and distribution of health and disease among the population , and the dimensions of these in incidence, prevalence, and mortality; taking into account that society is changing and health problems are changing. To study the workings of health services.
What are benefits of epidemiology?
Epidemiology uses statistics to provide a snapshot of a populations diseases, illnesses and disability. This snapshot is then used by various people and groups to inform health promotion and guide research. Epidemiology’s benefits include identifying areas of strength and weakness for a population’s health .
What are the applications of epidemiology?
To diagnose the health of the community and the condition of the people , to measure the true dimensions and distribution of ill- health in terms of incidence, prevalence, disability, and mortal- ity; to set health problems in perspective and define their relative importance; to identify groups needing special attention ...
What are the two types of epidemiology?
Epidemiologic studies fall into two categories: experimental and observational .
Are epidemiologists doctors?
Are epidemiologists considered medical doctors? No. While epidemiologists study and investigate the causes and sources of diseases in much the same way as medical doctors, they’re not considered actual physicians . Perhaps the biggest reason why is treatment.
Is Epidemiology a good career?
Epidemiology is a very important career . However, there is the general idea that epidemiologists are statisticians who work in a government office crunching numbers to find patterns in health related problems.
What is the best study design?
| Clinical question Suggested best study design | Clinical Exam prospective, blind comparison to gold standard | Diagnosis prospective, blind comparison to a gold standard | Therapy RCT > cohort > case control > case series | Prevention RCT > cohort study > case control > case series |
|---|
What is the strongest study design?
A well -designed randomized controlled trial , where feasible, is generally the strongest study design for evaluating an intervention’s effectiveness.
What are the two main goals of epidemiology?
Aims of Epidemiology
There are two groups of aims: first, to describe the distribution, the pattern, and the natural history of disease in the general population , and second, to identify factors that may be causal in a disease process, and to evaluate strategies for the control, management, and prevention of a disease.
