Put simply, range is the difference between the temperature of water entering the cooling tower and leaving the cooling tower . It is determined by the heat load on the tower and the water circulation rate. If pump speed is constant and heat loads are constant, the tower range does not change.
How much can a cooling tower cool?
A tower could cool water from 90 to 80 degrees or 100 to 90 degrees , but the 10 degree difference is not affected by the cooling tower’s size. Although you cannot change the heat transfer rate, you can increase performance through boosting the cubic feet per minute or increasing the surface area.
What is meant by cooling range?
[′kül·iŋ ‚rānj] (mechanical engineering) The difference in temperature between the hot water entering and the cold water leaving a cooling tower .
What is a good cooling tower efficiency?
Cooling tower efficiency is limited by the ambient wet bulb temperature. In the ideal case, the cold water temperature will be equal to the wet-bulb temperature. ... In practice, the cooling tower efficiency will be in between 70 to 75% .
What is the cooling tower approach?
Figure 7.3 Range and Approach
ii) “Approach” is the difference between the cooling tower outlet cold water temperature and ambient wet bulb temperature . Although, both range and approach should be moni- tored, the ‘Approach’ is a better indicator of cooling tower performance.
What is the lowest temperature a cooling tower can produce?
The coldest temperature that a cooling tower can reach is 4-5° Fahrenheit , higher than the wet-bulb temperature. This is calculated by measuring the water temperature that enters the cold basin and the wet-bulb temperature (this is also known as measuring the approach).
What is blowdown loss in cooling tower?
When water evaporates from a cooling tower, solids that were in that water remain in the tank, being redistributed into the existing water. ... This process is called blowdown, and blowdown loss is the amount of water lost during the blowdown process in your cooling tower .
What is the application of cooling tower?
Cooling towers are primarily used for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) and industrial purposes . Cooling towers provide a cost-effective and energy efficient operation of systems in need of cooling. More than 1,500 industrial facilities use large quantities of water to cool their plants 2 .
What is the temperature of cooling tower water?
Product capacities are called out in terms of nominal tons. A nominal cooling tower ton is defined as the capability to cool 3 GPM (0.19 lps) of water from a 95oF (35.0oC) entering water temperature to an 85oF (29.4oC) leaving water temperature at a 78oF (25.6oC) entering wet-bulb temperature.
How is cooling capacity of a cooling tower calculated?
Multiply 500 times the water flow rate, times the temperature difference, divided by 12,000 or 500 x q x dt/12,000. The result is the tons of capacity of the cooling tower.
How do you calculate air flow in a cooling tower?
The formula is CFM X density = pounds of air per minute (Lbs. per Min) or CFMSpecific Volume = Lbs. per Min. So, 100 X .
In which season cooling tower is more efficient?
The efficiency of the counter flow induced draft type cooling tower is higher in winter season lower in rainy season. The efficiency of cooling tower in winter season, summer season and winter season are 76.92%, 68.75% and 57.14%.
What is the meaning of TR in cooling tower?
Ton of Refrigeration (TR): Ton of Refrigeration (abbreviated as TR) is an important historical unit of refrigeration capacity. Originally 1 TR was defined as the rate of heat transfer required to make 1 short ton (2000 lbs) of ice per day from water at 0 o C.
What are the different types of cooling tower?
- Natural Draft cooling towers use the design and shape of the tower itself to move up the air naturally using fans. ...
- Mechanical Draft towers tend to use a fan to force the air.
Which factor does not affect cooling tower performance?
It is determined by the heat load on the tower and the water circulation rate. If pump speed is constant and heat loads are constant, the tower range does not change. This means that for a clean, properly functioning tower, wet bulb temperature does not affect cooling tower range.
What is a cooling tower ton?
A cooling tower ton is 15,000 BTU/hour . ... Thus, the Cooling Tower Institute (CTI), the agency responsible for developing the rating system for all cooling towers, has designated that a cooling tower ton is 15,000 BTU/hr or 12,000 BTU/hr (Refrigeration Ton) + 3000 BTU/hr (Compressor Heat).
