An independent self-construal is charac- terized by individuals’ foci on their own inner thoughts, feelings, abilities, and actions, whereas an interdependent self-construal is rooted in the funda- mental connectedness of individuals to one another (Markus & Kitayama, 1991).
What is the difference between independent self and interdependent self?
Interdependent self-construal is the extent to which people construe the self as being fundamentally connected to other people. ... Independent self-construal, in contrast, is the extent to which people view the self as being separate and distinct from others and the social world .
What is the difference between independent and interdependent?
The independent and interdependent selves
Those with interdependent approaches are more likely to be conscious of others and their relationships and to adjust their behavior to accommodate others . In contrast, independent people are more focused on themselves and on influencing others.
What is independent construal?
Independent Construal of Self indicates a completely “self-centered” point of view where a person’s behavior and actions are organized completely around their own thoughts and feelings without taking other people’s opinions or feelings into consideration.
What are the types of self-construal?
Self – construal , or self -image, is composed of two aspects: an independent self and an interdependent self (Markus & Kitayama, 1991, 1994). Four self – construal types result from a combination of the two components of self : biconstrual, independent, interdependent, and ambivalent.
What are 3 types of interdependence?
The organizational theorist James Thompson identified three types of task interdependence that can be used to design your team: pooled, sequential, and reciprocal .
What is an example of interdependence?
The definition of interdependence is people, animals, organizations or things depending on each another. The relationship between a manager and his employees is an example of interdependence.
What is the self-construal scale?
The Self-Construal scale was designed to assess self-image . It distinguishes between: Interdependent self-construals emphasize “connectedness and relations” Independent self-construals emphasize “the separateness and uniqueness of the individual”
Which is the best definition of an interdependent view of the self?
Which is the best definition of an interdependent view of the self? Defining oneself in terms of one’s relationships to other people . When people focus attention on themselves, they. evaluate and compare their behavior to their internal standards and values.
What is an independent culture?
Individualistic cultures are those that stress the needs of the individual over the needs of the group as a whole. In this type of culture, people are seen as independent and autonomous. Social behavior tends to be dictated by the attitudes and preferences of individuals.
Why is self considered independent?
An independent self-construal, because of its emphasis on internal and distinctive personal characteristics , is thus one in which the self is seen as a unique individual, fundamentally separate from others.
For example, when you compare yourself to your friends you might feel that you are pretty physically fit . So, you might sign up for a marathon believing that you have the ability to finish with no problem.
What does it mean to manage the self you present to others?
Self-presentation refers to how people attempt to present themselves to control or shape how others (called the audience) view them. It involves expressing oneself and behaving in ways that create a desired impression. Self-presentation is part of a broader set of behaviors called impression management.
What is an example of Construal?
For example, imagine you are walking down the street and in front of you someone stops, falls to the ground, grabs their chest, and starts to turn blue . You would begin to interpret this situation, running through all the possible explanations for this situation and the person’s behavior.
Is there even such a construct of the self?
There is no such thing as the true self , but it’s still a useful psychological concept. ... The results are incredibly consistent: people most consider that the true self has been altered if a person’s moral sense is changed. In other words, most of us believe that the true self is the moral self.
In which of the following cultures is an independent view of the self?
In which of the following cultures is an independent view of the self most likely to be the norm? American culture fosters an independent view of the self.
