The Statute laid the foundation for the establishment of the International Criminal Court in 2002. Its purpose is to investigate and prosecute war criminals .
What is the International Criminal Court what is its purpose?
The ICC is a permanent international court established to investigate, prosecute and try individuals accused of committing the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole : the crime of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression.
Why the International Criminal Court was created?
The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a court of last resort that was created to investigate and prosecute individuals accused of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity .
When was the International Criminal Court established and what is its main role?
In 1998 , the Government of Canada established the current Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes Program. The mandate of the program is to deny safe haven to persons believed to have committed or been complicit in war crimes, crimes against humanity or genocide.
What are the 11 crimes against humanity?
These crimes against humanity entail extermination, murder, enslavement, torture, imprisonment, rape, forced abortions and other sexual violence, persecution on political, religious, racial and gender grounds , the forcible transfer of populations, the enforced disappearance of persons and the inhumane act of knowingly ...
Has ICC convicted anyone?
Bosco Ntaganda
November 7, 2019 – Ntaganda is sentenced to 30 years in prison by unanimous vote. This is the longest sentence ever handed down by the ICC and Ntaganda is the first person to be convicted of sexual slavery by the ICC.
Who can bring a case to the ICC?
Personal Jurisdiction
The ICC can only investigate and prosecute “natural persons” who are over the age of 18 . The ICC cannot investigate or prosecute governments, corporations, political parties, or rebel movements, but may investigate individuals who are members of groups.
What power does the ICC have?
The ICC is an independent judicial institution empowered to investigate and prosecute war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, and the crime of aggression . Its establishment in 2002 signaled the commitment of many countries to fight impunity for the worst international crimes.
Is ICC part of UN?
The ICC is not part of the UN
The Court was established by the Rome Statute. This treaty was negotiated within the UN; however, it created an independent judicial body distinct from the UN. The Rome Statute was the outcome of a long process of consideration of the question of international criminal law within the UN.
What is the difference between ICJ and ICC?
What is the difference between the ICC and the International Court of Justice and other international criminal tribunals? The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is a civil court that hears disputes between countries. The ICC is a criminal court that prosecutes individuals.
Who is part of the ICC?
The ICC, which is independent of the United Nations, is based in The Hague, the Netherlands, although it may sit elsewhere. The ICC is composed of four primary organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry .
Where do ICC prisoners go?
People detained by the International Criminal Court (ICC) are held in the ICC's detention centre , which is located within a Dutch prison in Scheveningen, The Hague.
What is punishment for crimes against humanity?
The penalty for a crime against humanity is imprisonment for a term not exceeding 30 years .
What qualifies as crimes against humanity?
Crimes against humanity refer to specific crimes committed in the context of a large-scale attack targeting civilians, regardless of their nationality. These crimes include murder, torture, sexual violence, enslavement, persecution, enforced disappearance , etc.
Is it a war crime to target civilians?
At all times, it is forbidden to direct attacks against civilians ; indeed, to attack civilians intentionally while aware of their civilian status is a war crime. It is thus an imperative duty for an attacker to identify and distinguish non-combatants from combatants in every situation.
Why is the ICC the court of last resort?
The ICC is “a court of last resort for the prosecution of serious international crimes, including genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity ”, and is located in The Hague, Netherlands.
