L. L. Thurstone, in full Louis Leon Thurstone, (born May 29, 1887, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.—died September 29, 1955, Chapel Hill, North Carolina), American psychologist who was instrumental in the development of psychometrics, the science that measures mental functions , and who developed statistical techniques for ...
What is thurstone theory?
Louis Leon Thurstone proposed theory in 1930’s that intelligence is composed of several different factors. The seven primary mental abilities in Thurstone’s model were verbal comprehension, word fluency, number facility, spatial visualization, associative memory, perceptual speed and reasoning.
What is the name of thurstone intelligence theory?
Explained. Louis Leon Thurstone proposed his multiple-factor theory of intelligence in 1938. Before this theory came, the notion of the g-factor, i.e., general intelligence, which had been proposed by a British Psychologist, Charles Spearman, was more prevalent.
What did L.L. Thurstone believed?
Using his new approach to factor analysis, Thurstone found that intelligent behavior does not arise from a general factor , but rather emerges from seven independent factors that he called primary abilities: word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial visualization, number facility, associative memory, reasoning, and ...
What are the multiple intelligences according to Howard Gardner?
To broaden this notion of intelligence, Gardner introduced eight different types of intelligences consisting of: Linguistic, Logical/Mathematical, Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Musical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and Naturalist .
What is Sternberg Triarchic theory of intelligence?
Robert Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence describes three distinct types of intelligence that a person can possess . These three types are practical intelligence, creative intelligence, and analytical intelligence. ... A person with creative intelligence is good at addressing new problems.
What is the difference between Gardner and thurstone’s theories?
Thurstone believed that the nine factors he identified, when taken together, make up intelligence. Gardner, on the other hand, proposes that the seven different intelligences are independent of each other. believes that different kinds of intelligence all work together.
What is Sternberg’s theory of intelligence which includes creative analytical and practical intelligences?
The theory, proposed by psychologist Robert J. Sternberg, contends that there are three types of intelligence: practical (the ability to get along in different contexts), creative (the ability to come up with new ideas), and analytical (the ability to evaluate information and solve problems).
What are the 4 theories of intelligence?
The theories are grouped into four major theory types: (1) psychometric theories; (2) cognitive theories; (3) cognitive-contextual theories; and (4) biological theories .
What type of intelligence should psychologists possess?
Psychology in Everyday Life: Emotional Intelligence. Although most psychologists have considered intelligence a cognitive ability , people also use their emotions to help them solve problems and relate effectively to others.
Who proposed multifactor theory of intelligence?
Thorndike’s multifactor theory : Thorndike believed that there was nothing like General Ability. Each mental activity requires an aggregate of different set of abilities. He distinguished the following four attributes of intelligence : (a) Level—refers to the level of difficulty of a task that can be solved.
How was Louis L thurstone primary mental abilities different from Charles Spearman general intelligence?
The American psychologist L.L. Thurstone disagreed with Spearman’s theory, arguing instead that there were seven factors , which he identified as the “primary mental abilities.” These seven abilities, according to Thurstone, were verbal comprehension (as involved in the knowledge of vocabulary and in reading), verbal ...
Who called psychology the science of mind?
In 1890, William James defined psychology as “the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their conditions.”
Which concept did William Stern develop?
The German psychologist William Stern (1871-1938) introduced the idea of intelligence quotient, or IQ . This entailed a formula for mental age that could be assessed by a test, such as the one devised by Binet, divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100.
How did ll thurstone challenge Spearman’s views?
Spearman believed that we have one general intelligence (g). Thurstone did not rank people on a single scale of general aptitude. ... He argues that we don’t have an intelligence, but instead, multiple intelligences (including verbal/math aptitudes assessed by standard tests). His critics say “The world is not just.”
How different is Gardner’s MI theory from the traditional concept of intelligence?
How does this theory differ from the traditional definition of intelligence? Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory challenged traditional beliefs in the fields of education and cognitive science . According to a traditional definition, intelligence is a uniform cognitive capacity people are born with.
Why is Gardner’s theory important?
Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences has had an important impact on how we think about human intelligence . Rather than simply focusing on a single measure of human cognitive ability, it can be helpful to consider all of the different mental strengths that an individual may possess.
What is Spearman’s theory of intelligence?
Spearman’s two-factor theory proposes that intelligence has two components: general intelligence (“g”) and specific ability (“s”) . To explain the differences in performance on different tasks, Spearman hypothesized that the “s” component was specific to a certain aspect of intelligence.
Why was Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences developed?
In order to capture the full range of abilities and talents that people possess, Gardner theorizes that people do not have just an intellectual capacity, but have many kinds of intelligence , including musical, interpersonal, spatial-visual, and linguistic intelligences.
Which is one of the types of intelligence identified by Sternberg?
Sternberg’s theory identifies three types of intelligence: practical, creative, and analytical .
Who first defined intelligence?
Charles Spearman , an English psychologist, established the two-factor theory of intelligence back in 1904 (Spearman, 1904).
What is an example of Sternberg’s practical intelligence?
Sternberg’s third type of giftedness, called practical giftedness, involves the ability to apply synthetic and analytic skills to everyday situations. Practically gifted people are superb in their ability to succeed in any setting. An example of this type of giftedness is “ Celia” .
What is the difference between analytical and practical intelligence?
Analytical intelligence is the ability to analyze and evaluate ideas, solve problems and make decisions. ... Practical intelligence is the ability that individuals use to find the best fit between themselves and the demands of the environment .
What is intelligence theory in psychology?
Psychologist Robert Sternberg defined intelligence as “ mental activity directed toward purposive adaptation to, selection, and shaping of real-world environments relevant to one’s life .”
How do psychologists Characterise and define intelligence?
How do psychologists characterize and define intelligence? Ans. ... He defined intelligence as “ the global and aggregate capacity of an individual to think rationally, act purposefully and to deal effectively with his/her environment.”
How is intelligence measured in psychology?
Intelligence is measured by either a group or individually administered test . Not all tests that claim to measure intelligence, however, are of equal validity. ... Individual intelligence or IQ tests, administered on a one-to-one basis by a psychologist, are the preferred way to measure intelligence.
What are the 3 types of intelligence?
Figure 7.12 Sternberg’s theory identifies three types of intelligence: practical, creative, and analytical .
What are the 4 types of psychology?
There are different types of psychology, such as cognitive, forensic, social, and developmental psychology . A person with a condition that affects their mental health may benefit from assessment and treatment with a psychologist.
Saul McLeod, updated 2019. Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior , according to the American Psychological Association. Psychology is a multifaceted discipline and includes many sub-fields of study such areas as human development, sports, health, clinical, social behavior and cognitive processes.
What are the 7 different types of intelligence?
- Word Smart (linguistic intelligence)
- Math Smart (numerical/reasoning/logic intelligence)
- Physically Smart (kinesthetic intelligence)
- Music Smart (musical intelligence)
- People Smart (interpersonal intelligence)
- Self Smart (intrapersonal intelligence)
What is the most accepted theory of intelligence?
The most widely accepted theory is a synthesis sometimes referred to as CHC theory , named after Cattell, Horn, and Carroll, 11 the authors of the original theories that have been synthesized. Carroll’s theory itself is a synthesis of earlier psychometric theories of intelligence.
What are clinical psychologists?
Psychologists who provide clinical or counseling services assess and treat mental, emotional and behavioral disorders . They use the science of psychology to treat complex human problems and promote change. They also promote resilience and help people discover their strengths.
What was Thorndike theory?
Thorndike’s theory consists of three primary laws: (1) law of effect – responses to a situation which are followed by a rewarding state of affairs will be strengthened and become habitual responses to that situation, (2) law of readiness – a series of responses can be chained together to satisfy some goal which will ...
Who and in which year multifactor theory was highlighted?
a) Thurston’s multifactor theory:
Thurston (1946) rejected the General theory of intelligence and instead presented his own theory.
Who is associated with the multifactor theory of intelligence Mcq?
| Proponents Description of work | Thurston Group factor theory | Binet Introduced the concept of ‘Mental age’ | E. L. Thorndike Multifactor theory of intelligence |
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What is psychometric approach Class 12 psychology?
The psychometric approach considers intelligence as an aggregate of abilities . It expresses an individual’s performance in terms of a single index of cognitive abilities. ... — He said that intelligence consisted of a general (g-factor) and some specific factors (s-factor).
