Nestled between the Appalachian Mountains to the east and the Rocky Mountains on the west, lived an enormous herd of bison roaming across the Great Plains of central North America. It is estimated that 30 million bison were wandering the plains when Columbus landed on the eastern shores.
What was the name of the large cattle grazing area that stretched from Kansas to Montana in the 1870s?
It took almost one hundred days to reach their destination. The Great Western Trail ran south of and roughly parallel to the Chisholm Trail into Kansas. The cattle were taken to towns located on major railroads and delivered north to establish ranches.
What group of people worked as cattle hands on the Great Plains?
The land had once been occupied by Plains Indians and buffalo herds. The workers who took care of the ranchers' cattle were known as cowhands or cowboys . They borrowed many techniques and tools from vaqueros (bah-KER-ohs), Mexican ranch hands who cared for cattle and horses.
What was the cattle frontier?
In 1860, some five-million longhorn cattle grazed in the Lone Star state. Cattle that could be bought for $3 to $5 a head in Texas could be sold for $30 to $50 at railroad shipping points in Abilene or Dodge City in Kansas. Cowboys had to drive their cattle a thousand miles northward to reach the Kansas railheads.
What was the most popular breed of cattle during the cattle kingdom period?
A. RANCHING
Following the Civil War, a growing population created a greater demand for beef in the East. Cattle selling for $3-6 a head in Texas could fetch $80 a head in New York. 2. The most popular breed was the Longhorn , since it needed very little water and could survive in harsh conditions.
What was the cattle industry boom?
The cattle industry in the United States in the nineteenth century due to the young nation's abundant land, wide-open spaces, and rapid development of railroad lines to transport the beef from western ranches to population centers in the Midwest and the East Coast.
What is cattle boom?
Cattle boom. explosion of cattle ranchers and associated jobs that used the grasslands of the Great Plains to breed, raise, butcher and sell cattle. Factories of the West as large-scale cattle ranching pushed out small ranchers. Significant reason for America's economic growth and population explosion in the West.
What was meant by the term cattle kingdom?
The region dominated by the cattle industry and its ranches, trails, and cow towns came to be called the cattle kingdom. Ranchers made large profits as herds and markets grew.
What is driving a herd of cows called?
A cattle drive is the process of moving a herd of cattle from one place to another, usually moved and herded by cowboys on horses.
What led cattle herds to railroads?
Cowhands , working long hours for low pay, learned skills developed earlier by Spanish and Mexican vaqueros. Cowhands drove great herds north to reach the rail lines. As settlements grew denser, these cattle drives came to an end.
Where is cattle frontier?
The cattle trails went from western Texas northward, through Indian territory , and into the vast stretches of public-domain lands in the central and northern Great Plains.
What crop became popular in the northern part of the Great Plains especially along the rivers?
Corn and wheat became the most important crops of the Plains, just as they had been in the more humid eastern states.
Who was Chisholm Trail named after?
Although its exact route is uncertain, it originated south of San Antonio, Texas, ran north across Oklahoma, and ended at Abilene, Kansas. Little is known of its early history. It was probably named for Jesse Chisholm , a 19th-century trader.
What played the biggest role in the cattle kingdom Why?
What played the biggest role in ending the Cattle Kingdom? Why? The severe winters , the overgrazing of the animals which limited the food resources for the animals and the deaths due to the severe winters. Cowboys lost all of their resources.
Who was the first Texas cattle baron?
James Taylor White , Texas first cattle baron and Texas Cattle Industry.
What contributed to the cattle boom?
The cattle Boom of the 1870s was caused by the spread of ranching from Texas and across the grassy plains . ... To follow, the war caused many Indians to lose their way of life as a whole, because they last cattle, and territory.
Why did the cattle industry grow in the Great Plains?
After the Civil War and the construction of railroads, many Americans began building large cattle ranches on the Great Plains. The Texas longhorn was a breed of cattle that could survive the harsh climate of the plains. Cattle raisers could graze their herds free of charge and without boundaries.
What caused the western cattle boom quizlet?
The cattle Boom of the 1870s was caused by the spread of ranching from Texas and across the grassy plains .
What was the cattle industry?
The cattle industry involves the production of cattle for various purposes , including beef, hides, dairy, and other products. The industry can be split up into two large segments: beef and dairy. ... There is no such thing as a male cow and saying female cow is redundant.
Why was cattle ranching important for the Great Plains?
Why was cattle ranching an important business for the Great Plains? It provided money and food for the colonist . ... The cowboys started to bring longhorns from Texas on the cattle trail because by the time that the cows got there there was still meat on them and they would get more money for the cows.
How did cattle impact the Americas?
They helped the colonies grow in population with food production as well as providing money through selling products or trading because most of the settlers were farmers. At first, the Native Americans found cattle to be annoying because cattle roamed and ate their crops .
What led to the post civil war cattle boom?
In the East, the demand for beef increased after the Civil War because of the expanding economy and growing population . This was an economic advantage during the Cattle Boom because it is what helped start it all. ... This was the start of the Cattle Boom.
How did the cattle kingdom begin?
How did the cattle kingdoms start? The Cattle Boom started mainly with the Texas longhorn which was the time when Spanish settlers in the 1700s brought their cattle to California and Texas. Later, the cattle were mixed with English breeds and created the Texas longhorn.
What caused towns like Wichita Abilene and Dodge City to spring up in the West?
After the Civil War there was an acute shortage of beef in the northern states . Texas ranchers were burdened with five million head of cattle and no railroads on which to ship them to market. ... Abilene, Ellsworth, Wichita, Dodge City, and Caldwell received the major portion of the booming cattle trade.
What's a trail drive?
Trail drives involved herding cattle from a range directly to market ; from a range to a railhead for rail transport to market; or from one range to another for better grazing. A drive from Texas to railheads at Abilene or Dodge City, Kansas, took two to three months.
What is it called when cowboys herd cattle?
Encyclopedic entry. Ranching is the practice of raising herds of animals on large tracts of land. Ranchers commonly raise grazing animals such as cattle and sheep. Cowboys are responsible for herding and maintaining the health of animals across these vast ranches. ...
What was the transcontinental railroad and where did the two railroads meet?
On May 10, 1869, the presidents of the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads meet in Promontory, Utah , and drive a ceremonial last spike into a rail line that connects their railroads.
At what towns did the cattle trails and the railroads intersect to form cattle shipping centers?
As the railroads extended westward Ellsworth, Hays City, Newton, Wichita, Dodge City , and other towns south and west became cattle shipping points, and Abilene was left to develop as an agricultural community.
How did the railroad contributed to the cattle ranching boom in the West?
The development of the railroad made it profitable to raise cattle on the Great Plains . In 1860, some five-million longhorn cattle grazed in the Lone Star state. Cattle that could be bought for $3 to $5 a head in Texas could be sold for $30 to $50 at railroad shipping points in Abilene or Dodge City in Kansas.
What is a Dogie calf?
A dogey is cowboy parlance for a motherless calf . ... Often these calves had not been completely weaned and their little calf tummies were not ready to digest rough range grass. This gave them sort of potbellies, or looking like a bunch of dough in a sack. So they were called “dough-guts,” which morphed into dogies.
What was the largest cattle drive?
As a result, the 1871 drive to Midwestern markets was the largest ever: 700,000 Texas cattle were driven to Kansas alone.
What was the name of the first cattle trail?
On September 5, 1867, the first load of cattle were shipped via rail from Kansas. The trail would eventually be called the Chisholm Trail . Named for Jesse Chisholm, an Indian trader, the Chisholm Trail was so named because a portion of it followed Chisholm's trade routes.
Who traveled the Chisholm Trail with a herd of cattle?
The first herd to follow Jesse Chisholm's wagon trail to Abilene was O. W. Wheeler and his partners, who in 1867 bought 2,400 steers in San Antonio. At the North Canadian River in Indian Territory, they saw wagon tracks and followed them.
What type of cattle came from Texas to Abilene?
| CHISHOLM TRAIL WESTERN TRAIL | BLACK COWBOYS LONGHORN CATTLE |
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What was the name of the large cattle grazing area that stretched from Kansas to Montana in the 1870s?
It took almost one hundred days to reach their destination. The Great Western Trail ran south of and roughly parallel to the Chisholm Trail into Kansas. The cattle were taken to towns located on major railroads and delivered north to establish ranches.
Where was the cattle kingdom located?
The cattle industry grew tremendously in the two decades after the Civil War, moving into western Kansas and Nebraska, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, and the Dakotas in the 1870s and 1880s with the expansion of the railroads.
What was the mining frontier Apush?
mining frontier. The discovery of gold in CA in 1848 caused the first flood of newcomers to the West. A series of gold strikes and silver strikes in what became the states of Colorado, Nevada, Idaho, Montana, Arizona, and South Dakota kept a steady flow of hopeful young prospectors pushing into the Western mountains.
Who were the Plains Indian tribes?
These include the Arapaho, Assiniboine, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Comanche, Crow, Gros Ventre, Kiowa, Lakota, Lipan , Plains Apache (or Kiowa Apache), Plains Cree, Plains Ojibwe, Sarsi, Nakoda (Stoney), and Tonkawa.
Among the nomadic Plains tribes, the basic political unit was the band . a relatively small group that traveled together, camped together, hunted together, and made war together. Bands of the same tribe or closely related tribes came together for religious ceremonies, councils, hunting, or war.
What tribes were for farming?
The principal known Indian peoples who farmed extensively on the Great Plains when first discovered by European explorers were, from south to north, Caddoans in the Red River drainage, Wichita people along the Arkansas River, Pawnee in the Kansas River and Platte River drainages, and the Arikara, Mandan, and Hidatsa ...
What happened to cattle that was raised in the West?
Cattle were now enclosed on ranches and no longer roamed the Plains . As a result fewer cowboys were needed and the long drive was a thing of the past.
What invention was most responsible for making cattle grazing more successful?
Barbed wire was invented and patented by Joseph Glidden in 1874 and had a major impact on the cattle industry of the Western U.S. Accustomed to allowing their cattle to roam the open range, many farmers objected to barbed wire.
What was the most popular breed of cattle during the cattle kingdom period?
A. RANCHING
Following the Civil War, a growing population created a greater demand for beef in the East. Cattle selling for $3-6 a head in Texas could fetch $80 a head in New York. 2. The most popular breed was the Longhorn , since it needed very little water and could survive in harsh conditions.
