Salvinorin A (aka Diviner’s sage, Seer’s sage, etc.) is derived from the plant Salvia divinorum and is a potent agonist on the kappa opiate receptor and partial agonist on the dopamine D 2 receptor (Zawilska and Wojcieszak, 2013). Its use was promoted by Mazetec shamans for religious healing and diagnosis.
Where is salvinorin A found?
Salvinorin A is a chemical found in the plant Salvia divinorum that produces powerful out-of-body and amnesia-like experiences over a short time frame similar to the effects of nitrous oxide (“laughing gas”), which is used at dental offices.
What is salvinorin A soluble in?
Solubility. Salvinorin A is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone , but not especially so in water.
Is Purple Sage hallucinogenic?
It is a mild hallucinogen when smoked , and is used in Native American ceremonies and Native American herbal medicine. It is native to the western United States, including Utah, and has been identified as the plant Grey had in mind.
Who discovered salvinorin A?
It was described and named in 1982 by A. Ortega and co-workers . At least 12 similar compounds have been discovered or synthesized, but none are appreciably psychoactive. Unlike most hallucinogens, salvinorin A is a terpenoid, not an alkaloid.
How does salvinorin A affect the brain?
Salvinorin A affects structures in the brain called opioid receptors . This makes salvia different from other hallucinogenic drugs like LSD and mushrooms, which affect the brain’s levels of a chemical called serotonin.
Is Salvia fat soluble?
The results showed that distribution was differential, and following as this: the roots, stems and leaves of four Salvia plants contained fat-soluble compounds , moreover, the fat-soluble compounds of the roots located in periderm and the stems and leaves in epidermis.
What is kappa antagonist?
Kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonists are currently being considered for treating a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions , including depressive, anxiety, and substance abuse disorders.
Is sage a hallucinogen?
Diviner’s sage contains a powerful hallucinogen that may someday inspire a new class of depression, pain, and addiction medications.
What states can you buy salvia in?
- Arizona.
- Idaho.
- Massachusetts.
- Nevada.
- New Hampshire.
- New Mexico.
- New York.
- Oregon.
What is the Purple Sage?
Purple Sage is an aromatic sage native to the southern coast of California and Baja California, with a range stretching from Santa Maria southward, at 50-800 meters altitude. It is a shrub growing up to 1.5 meters tall on dry, open hillsides. The leaves are grayish, 2-8 centimeters long, with a puckered surface.
Is salvinorin A an opioid?
Functional studies demonstrated that Salvinorin A is a potent κ opioid agonist at cloned κ opioid receptors expressed in human embryonic kidney-293 cells and at native κ opioid receptors expressed in guinea pig brain.
Does Salvia release dopamine?
Salvia alters dopamine levels in ancient parts of the brain responsible for motivation, reward, and the internal sense of what is going on in our bodies. The Mazatec use Salvia as part of a larger ritual and worldview that cannot be reduced to a single pharmacological mechanism.
Where does Ibogaine come from?
Ibogaine is a naturally occurring psychoactive substance extracted from the roots of a plant (shrub) called Iboga . Iboga (Tabernanthe iboga) is classified as a member of the Apocynaceae family. This is the richest source for Ibogaine, an indole alkaloid.
What is Kappa drug?
Kappa receptor activation in animals and humans produces anxiety-like , dysphoric, aversive, and drug-seeking behavioral responses. Antagonists that block kappa-opioid receptors can reduce these stress responses and thereby have antidepressant and anti-addictive activity in animal models.
What is Mu Kappa and Delta?
mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid-receptors are GPCRs of the nervous system . The DOR-EGFP mouse provides a unique approach to explore receptor localization and function in vivo. GPCR represent the largest and most versatile family of membrane receptors, and each member has a specific cellular life cycle.
