What was the significance of the Umayyad dynasty? The expanse of the Umayyad empire and its program of Arabization were responsible for spreading Islam and the Arabic language over a vast area .
What was significant about the Abbasid dynasty?
Between 750 and 833 the Abbasids raised the prestige and power of the empire, promoting commerce, industry, arts, and science , particularly during the reigns of al-Manṣūr, Hārūn al-Rashīd, and al-Maʾmūn.
What is the significance of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties?
Umayyad’s focused upon military expansion and conquer of territories while Abbasids favored expansion of knowledge. Umayyad Muslims are referred to as Sunni Muslims while Abbasid Muslims are called the Shiites.
What were the major achievements of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties?
- Ruled vast empire with important trading cities. ...
- Developed innovations in the building of canal and irrigation systems. ...
- Perfected mosque construction techniques. ...
- Ruled longer. ...
- Developed sophisticated system of banking that used checks. ...
- Advanced navigational and sailing techniques.
What do the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties have in common?
Similarities. The big similarities between the Abbasid and Umayyad Dynasties are: 1. They were both Islamic dynasties that controlled enormous amounts of land .
What caused the downfall of the Umayyad dynasty?
The ʿAbbasids were descended from an uncle of Muhammad. Seeing the weaknesses of the Umayyads, they declared a revolt in 747 . With the help of a coalition of Persians, Iraqis, and Shīʿites, they put an end to the Umayyad dynasty with a victory against them at the Battle of the Great Zab River in 750.
How did the Umayyads rule?
The Umayyads modeled their government after the Byzantines (Eastern Roman Empire) who had previously ruled much of the land conquered by the Umayyads. They divided the empire into provinces that were each ruled by a governor appointed by the Caliph .
What were the main features of Abbasid rule?
Abbasid rulers were unable to abolish monarchy, because the needs of Government and the empire forced them to retain centralized army . The Abbasids who claimed to bring downfall of monarchy, established monarchy again by maintaining magnificent imperial architecture and court ceremonies initiated by the Umayyads.
What did the Abbasids invent?
Abbasid advances
Ibn al-Haythm invented the first camera and was able to form an explanation of how the eye sees. Doctor and philosopher Avicenna wrote the Canon of Medicine, which helped physicians diagnose dangerous diseases such as cancer.
Who defeated Abbasid dynasty?
The Abbasids age of cultural revival and fruition ended in 1258 with the sack of Baghdad by the Mongols under Hulagu Khan and the execution of Al-Musta’sim. The Abbasid line of rulers, and Muslim culture in general, re-centred themselves in the Mamluk capital of Cairo in 1261.
What were the achievements of Umayyad rule?
The Empire expanded across North Africa and then across the Strait of Gibraltar and into the Iberian Peninsula. They also expanded the empire east into central Asia. The Umayyads are known for establishing Arabic as the official language of the empire . They also established a common coinage.
What is the difference between the Umayyad and Abbasid empires?
A major difference between the two dynasties lies in their attitude towards Muslims and non Muslims . ... Umayyad Muslims are referred to as Sunni Muslims while Abbasid Muslims are called the Shiites. • Abbasid had been content with inherited empire while Umayyad’s were aggressive and espoused expansion militarily.
What was the greatest accomplishment of the Umayyad dynasty?
The Umayyads continued the Muslim conquests, incorporating the Transoxiana, Sindh, the Maghreb and the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus) into the Muslim world. At its greatest extent, the Umayyad Caliphate covered 11,100,000 km 2 (4,300,000 sq mi) , making it one of the largest empires in history in terms of area.
Why did Umayyad not force their subjects to convert?
The Umayyads did not actively encourage conversion , and most subjects remained non-Muslim. Because non-Muslim subjects were required to pay a special tax, the Umayyads were able to subsidize their political expansion. ... These conflicts evolved into major schisms between Sunni, Shia, and Ibadi Islam.
How might the Umayyads have retained control of?
Umayyads retained control through local officials who were connected to him . Also, the Muslim empire was united under one single religion what was a more important unifying factor than a political leader.
Were Abbasids Sunni or Shia?
The Persian Abbasids, who overthrew the Arab Umayyad, were a Sunni dynasty that relied on Shia support to establish their empire. They appealed to the Shia by claiming descent from Muhammad through his uncle Abbas.
