Which best compares DNA and RNA with regard to the process of protein production? DNA transforms from a nucleic acid into a protein , and RNA remains a nucleic acid. ... DNA leaves the nucleus during the process and RNA remains in the nucleus.
The Central Dogma : DNA Encodes RNA and RNA Encodes Protein. The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
How are proteins different from DNA and RNA?
Functionally, DNA maintains the protein-encoding information , whereas RNA uses the information to enable the cell to synthesize the particular protein.
What is the relationship between DNA and protein produced?
DNA carries the genetic information for making proteins. The four bases A, T, C and G make up the genetic code. The base sequence determines amino acid sequence in protein.
What is the relationship between RNA and proteins?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the instructions for making proteins . Like DNA, proteins are polymers: long chains assembled from prefab molecular units, which, in the case of proteins, are amino acids. A large molecular machine* called the ribosome translates the mRNA code and assembles the proteins.
How do DNA and RNA differ?
There are two differences that distinguish DNA from RNA: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose , while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between DNA and RNA during transcription?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between DNA, proteins, and RNA? DNA is transcribed into RNA, then RNA is translated into proteins.
How is DNA and RNA similar?
Both DNA and RNA have four nitrogenous bases each—three of which they share (Cytosine, Adenine, and Guanine) and one that differs between the two (RNA has Uracil while DNA has Thymine). ... One of the most significant similarities between DNA and RNA is that they both have a phosphate backbone to which the bases attach.
DNA is transcribed to RNA which is translated to protein . ... In transcription, RNA uses a gene in the DNA to create a strand of messenger RNA (mRNA). Then it reads the DNA’s base molecules and creates a strand of mRNA using complementary base molecules.
In what way are DNA and RNA similar quizlet?
DNA and RNA are similar in structure because they both have: a sugar-phosphate backbone, and nitrogen base rungs- basically both made of nucleotides. DNA and RNA are similar in function because they both perform: protein synthesis.
What is the difference between DNA and protein?
DNA contains the genetic information of all living organisms. Proteins are large molecules made up by 20 small molecules called amino acids.
Which of the following is the best explanation of the role of DNA and RNA in making proteins?
Which of the following is the BEST explanation of the role of DNA and RNA in making proteins? DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and an exact copy of each is produced during replication . During translation, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of thymine.
How does DNA and RNA work together?
Both DNA and RNA are made from nucleotides, each containing a five-carbon sugar backbone, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. DNA provides the code for the cell’s activities, while RNA converts that code into proteins to carry out cellular functions .
How are proteins made using DNA and RNA?
The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. ... Through the processes of transcription and translation, information from genes is used to make proteins.
What are the 4 main differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA has four nitrogenous bases – Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thyamine . RNA also has four nitrogenous bases, Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil.
How is RNA distinguished from DNA quizlet?
RNA is different from DNA is three ways: (1) the sugar in RNA is ribose not dioxyribose; (2) RNA is generally single-stranded and not double-stranded; and (3) RNA contains uracil in place of thymine . Why are the chemical differences between RNA and DNA important?
Do you need differs from RNA because DNA?
DNA differs from RNA because, unlike RNA, DNA contains thymine . ... What are the proteins that initiate transcription in eukaryotes by recognizing sequences within the promoter region of a gene and attracting RNA polymerase?
Which of the following best explains a structural similarity between DNA and RNA?
Which of the following best explains a structural similarity between DNA and RNA? Both DNA and RNA nucleotides contain a pentose sugar . Which of the following information would assist the student in identifying which sample contained the DNA nucleotides versus the RNA nucleotides?
Which of the following correctly describes alternative RNA splicing?
Which of the following processes correctly describes alternative RNA splicing? It can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA . In bacteria, there are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45 tRNAs.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between a newly synthesized RNA molecule and the DNA template strand?
Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the newly synthesized RNA molecule and the DNA template strand? ... RNA polymerase transcribes through the terminator sequence, causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript .
The DNA is a type of coded message for a protein to be made. ... Every three nucleotides along the DNA molecule are code for ONE amino acid in a protein molecule. THe groups of 3 nucleotides are called a codon. Since amino acids make up proteins, the sequence of the DNA’s bases decides the sequence of amino acids.
What does DNA RNA protein mean quizlet?
the RNA copy of a gene (which contains codons) that travels from the nucleus to the ribosome. rRNA. makes up the ribosome structure along with proteins. tRNA.
How is DNA used to make a protein?
First, enzymes read the information in a DNA molecule and transcribe it into an intermediary molecule called messenger ribonucleic acid, or mRNA. Next, the information contained in the mRNA molecule is translated into the “language” of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
How is RNA structure similar to protein structure?
RNAs and proteins are linear polymers composed of a limited set of building blocks (ribonucleotide and amino acid residues, respectively). ... Besides, secondary structure in proteins is formed owing to hydrogen bonding of the main chains, while in RNA it involves hydrogen bonding between the side-chains.
Is DNA or RNA a protein?
Ribonucleic acid, or RNA is one of the three major biological macromolecules that are essential for all known forms of life (along with DNA and proteins). A central tenet of molecular biology states that the flow of genetic information in a cell is from DNA through RNA to proteins: “ DNA makes RNA makes protein” .
Which came first DNA RNA or protein?
It now seems certain that RNA was the first molecule of heredity, so it evolved all the essential methods for storing and expressing genetic information before DNA came onto the scene. However, single-stranded RNA is rather unstable and is easily damaged by enzymes.
Which of the following correctly shows differences between DNA and RNA?
Which of the following correctly describes a difference between DNA and RNA? DNA occurs in the nucleus, whereas RNA only occurs outside the nucleus . DNA contains a ribose, whereas RNA contains a deoxyribose sugar. DNA is single-stranded, whereas RNA is double-stranded.
How is RNA involved in protein synthesis?
The primary function of RNA is to create proteins via translation . RNA carries genetic information that is translated by ribosomes into various proteins necessary for cellular processes. mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis.
What is the process of making proteins called?
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. ... Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins.
Which statement best describes how DNA controls the working of the cell?
The nucleus contains DNA. Which statement BEST describes how DNA controls the working of the cell? It codes for proteins.
What statement best describes the role of DNA in protein synthesis?
What statement best describes the role of DNA in protein synthesis? DNA carries the amino acid to the ribosomes. DNA forms the structural parts of the ribosomes. DNA joins the chains of amino acids to form a protein.
What is the process of assembling a protein from RNA called?
The process of assembling a protein from mRNA is called translation , and occurs in the ribosome.
