Sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, and chlorine are common examples of elements that form an expanded octet. Phosphorus pentachloride
Can there be more than 8 valence electrons?
Unlike atoms from periods one and two that only have the s and p orbitals (total of 8 valence electrons), atoms like phosphorus, sulfur, and chlorine can have more than 8 electrons because they are not restricted to the s and p orbitals and have a d orbital for additional electrons needed for bonding.
What element has the highest valence electrons of 8?
Neon , with its configuration ending in s 2 p 6 , has eight valence electrons.
What elements can have 10 valence electrons?
Sulfur can follow the octet rule as in the molecule SF 2 . Each atom is surrounded by eight electrons. It is possible to excite the sulfur atom sufficiently to push valence atoms into the d orbital to allow molecules such as SF 4 and SF 6 . The sulfur atom in SF 4 has 10 valence electrons and 12 valence electrons in SF 6 .
Why is 3rd shell 8 or 18?
Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons, up to two electrons can hold the first shell, up to eight (2 + 6) electrons can hold the second shell, up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) can hold the third shell and so on. The general formula is that the nth shell can hold up to 2(n 2 ) electrons in principle.
Why can XE have more than 8 valence electrons?
Xe does not follow the octet rule. It actually bonds. ... Xenon having valence electrons in the 4th energy level, will also have access to the 4d sublevel , thus allowing for more than 8 electrons.
Does sodium have 1 valence electrons?
A: An atom of a group 1 element such as sodium has just one valence electron . It is “eager” to give up this electron in order to have a full outer energy level, because this will give it the most stable arrangement of electrons.
Which element has the greatest number of valence electrons?
All of the elements in group 9 have nine valence electrons. Elements with the most valence electrons are in group 18 .
Why are there only 8 electrons in the outer shell?
This is due to the quantum nature of the atoms , where electrons are arranged into shells: there are 2 electrons in the first called the K shell, 8 in the second (L-shell), 18 in the third (M shell). ...
Why does sulfur have 12 valence electrons?
Sulfur has one more electron pair in its 3s subshell so it can undergo excitation one more time and place the electron in another empty 3d orbital. Now sulfur has 6 unpaired electrons which means it can form 6 covalent bonds to give a total of 12 electrons around its valence shell.
What are the 3 exceptions to the octet rule?
However, there are three general exceptions to the octet rule: Molecules, such as NO, with an odd number of electrons ; Molecules in which one or more atoms possess more than eight electrons, such as SF 6 ; and. Molecules such as BCl 3 , in which one or more atoms possess less than eight electrons.
Why can sulfur bond 6 times?
Sulfur is capable of forming 6 bonds because it can have an expanded valence shell ; sulfur is in period 3 of the Periodic Table.
What is the 2 8 8 rule in chemistry?
There is a 2-8-8 rule for these elements. The first shell is filled with 2 electrons, the second is filled with 8 electrons, and the third is filled with 8 . You can see that sodium (Na) and magnesium (Mg) have a couple of extra electrons. They, like all atoms, want to be happy.
Is it 8 or 18 electrons in third shell?
So the third shell can be considered to hold 8 or 18 electrons but in total the third shell can hold 18 electrons.
How many electrons can fill the fourth shell?
| n= Shell Maximum Number of Electrons | 3 3rd Shell 18 | 4 4th Shell 32 |
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Can Xe have 12 valence electrons?
Direct link to trisha. lodha’s post “ wait Xe can have up to 12 ...” ... Well, technically it normally holds 8 valence electrons because the first shell holds 2 electrons, and the second shell holds 8 electrons, which for Xe would be it’s valence electrons.
