One of the two main explanations for global stratification is Modernization Theory and it comes from the structural-functionalist approach. This theory frames global stratification as a function of technological and cultural differences between nations.
What is the theory of global stratification?
Global Stratification: The hierarchical arrangement of individuals and groups in societies around the world . Modernization Theory: Argues that poor nations remain poor because they hold onto traditional attitudes, beliefs, technologies, and institutions.
What are the two theories of global stratification?
As with any social issue, global or otherwise, scholars have developed a variety of theories to study global stratification. The two most widely applied perspectives are modernization theory and dependency theory .
What is the best theory to explain why global stratification began?
The structural explanation for global stratification is called dependency theory The view that global stratification results from colonization and exploitation of the poorest nations by the richest ones..
What is modernization theory and dependency theory?
Dependency theory and modernization theory are two opposing theories in sociology . Dependency theory focuses on the economic underdevelopment of former colonies or non-industrialized countries, while modernization theory focuses on how traditional or underdeveloped societies transform to modern societies.
What are the three worlds of global stratification?
Sociologists employ three broad categories to denote global stratification: most industrialized nations, industrializing nations, and least industrialized nations .
What are some examples of global stratification?
Three examples are the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan . Although these nations do have many poor people, most of the poor still have a better standard of living than the lowest-income nations. The largest proportion of the world’s nations – about 42% – falls into the middle-income category.
What are the major theories of stratification?
Social stratification can be examined from different sociological perspectives— functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism . The functionalist perspective states that systems exist in society for good reasons.
What are the 4 systems of stratification?
Concrete forms of social stratification are different and numerous. However, sociologists have grouped majority of these into four basic systems of stratification: slavery, estates, caste and class .
What is an example of modernization theory?
Examples include the cast system in India, many slave systems , and this is also an aspect of extreme patriarchal societies. This can result in Fatalism – the feeling that there is nothing you can do to change your situation.
What is the world systems theory?
The world systems theory, developed by sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein, is an approach to world history and social change that suggests there is a world economic system in which some countries benefit while others are exploited. ... This theory emphasizes the social structure of global inequality.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of globalization?
- Transfer of Technology.
- Better Services.
- Standardization of Living.
- Development of Infrastructure.
- Foreign Exchange Reserves.
- Economic Growth.
- Affordable Products.
- Contribution to World GDP Growth Rate.
How does global stratification affects the world?
Effects of Global Stratification. Global stratification greatly affects the life chances of people around the world . As noted earlier, people in the poorest nations live in some of the worst conditions possible. AIDS, malaria, starvation, and other deadly diseases are common.
What are the five stages of modernization theory?
There are five stages in Rostow’s Stages of Development: traditional society, preconditions to takeoff, takeoff, drive to maturity, and age of high mas consumption . In the 1960s, American economist called W.W. Rostow developed this theory.
What is the main idea behind dependency theory?
Dependency theory focused on individual nations, their role as suppliers of raw materials, cheap labor, and markets for expensive manufactured goods from industrialized countries . The unequal exchange relationship between developed and developing countries was viewed as contributing to poor economic growth.
What do you mean by dependency theory?
Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a “periphery” of poor and underdeveloped states to a “core” of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former . ... Dependency theorists can typically be divided into two categories: liberal reformists and neo-Marxists.
