When fluids (liquids and gases) are heated, they expand and therefore become less dense . ... When fluids are cooled, they contract and therefore become more dense. Any object or substance that is more dense than a fluid will sink in that fluid, so cold water sinks in warmer water.
What factors affect the density of water Why does cold air or water tend to sink what is the role of salinity in water density?
Increase in pressure increases the salinity of water . Similarly, decrease in temperature increases the salinity of water. For this reason, the density of sea water will be greater than density of pure water by two or three percent and also cold water is less dense than the warm water.
Why does cold air or water tend to sink quizlet?
How does cold air or water tend to sink? Substances become denser as they get colder . ... Because the density decrease abruptly in the transition from water to ice Ice increases in density as it gets colder than 0 degrees C.
What is the difference between sensible and non sensible heat?
What is the difference between sensible and non sensible heat? Sensible heat is heat that is gained or loss measured by a thermometer or other device. Non sensible is heat that is loss during water freezing is not able to be measure by a thermometer.
What causes the surface water to sink and from deep water in polar areas quizlet?
Why? Thermohaline circulation is the movement of deep currents, which form at the surface of the ocean in high latitudes (near the poles) where they become cold and dense, so they sink.
Does cold air rise or sink?
Cold air sinks . Sinking air compresses and heats. As air sinks, air pressure at the surface is raised. Cold air holds less moisture than warm.
Does warm air rises because of convection?
Natural convection is caused by density differences. Hot air rises because it is less dense than cold air , so air will rise above a heater and sink near a cold window. Forced convection refers to fluids being pushed around by outside forces. ... Hot air rises, because it's less dense than cold air.
What causes water salinity to decrease?
Evaporation of ocean water and formation of sea ice both increase the salinity of the ocean. However these “salinity raising” factors are continually counterbalanced by processes that decrease salinity such as the continuous input of fresh water from rivers, precipitation of rain and snow, and melting of ice .
Where on earth is salinity the highest?
The highest salinity is recorded in the western Baltic , where it is about 10 parts per thousand at the surface and about 15 parts per thousand near the bottom; the lowest is at the head of the Gulf of Bothnia, where...
Does temperature affect salinity of water?
Increases in temperatures of surrounding entities like ice and an increase in precipitation adds fresh water into the sea, which lower salinity. Seawater with lower salinity is lighter in density and won't sink as much as denser water.
What is the biggest difference between sensible and latent heat?
Sensible heat is the heat that causes an object to change temperature. ... However, latent heat does not affect the temperature of a substance or object . Water for example boils at 100°C and the latent heat keeps the water boiling.
What is the sensible heat of water?
Sensible heat of water: It is defined as the quantity of heat absorbed by 1 kg ofwater when it is heated from 0°C (freezing point) to boiling point .It is also called total heat (orenthalpy) of water or liquid heat invariably. It is reckoned from 0°C where sensible heat is takenas zero.
What is the meaning of sensible heat?
When an object is heated, its temperature rises as heat is added. The increase in heat is called sensible heat. Similarly, when heat is removed from an object and its temperature falls, the heat removed is also called sensible heat. Heat that causes a change in temperature in an object is called sensible heat.
What causes the surface water to sink and form deep water in polar areas?
In the Earth's polar regions ocean water gets very cold, forming sea ice. As a consequence the surrounding seawater gets saltier , because when sea ice forms, the salt is left behind. As the seawater gets saltier, its density increases, and it starts to sink.
What causes a Halocline?
A halocline is also a layer of separation between two water masses by difference in density, but this time it is not caused by temperature. It occurs when two bodies of water come together, one with freshwater and the other with saltwater . Saltier water is denser and sinks leaving fresh water on the surface.
What are the consequences of the high heat capacity of water for climate?
Because of its high heat capacity, water can minimize changes in temperature . For instance, the specific heat capacity of water is about five times greater than that of sand. The land cools faster than the sea once the sun goes down, and the slow-cooling water can release heat to nearby land during the night.
