What Scenarios Can Cause Broken Authentication? - Fixanswer

Which of the following scenarios is most likely to result in broken authentication and session management vulnerabilities?

Poorly implemented custom code is used

. Session-based indirection is used. Unused and unnecessary services, code, and DLLs are disabled.

What factor may cause a broken authentication exploit?

Uses

weak or ineffective credential recovery

and forgot-password processes, such as “knowledge-based answers”, which cannot be made safe. Uses plain text, encrypted, or weakly hashed passwords (see A3:2017-Sensitive Data Exposure). Has missing or ineffective multi-factor authentication.

What is the impact of broken authentication?

Impact of Broken Authentication and Session Management Vulnerability. Once your account is hijacked by exploiting broken authentication vulnerability, the hacker can do anything that you have permission to do that

can lead to serious consequences influencing your company's sustainability

.

What are common types of authentication related attacks?

Attack types Attack description	Brute Force Allows an attacker to guess a person's user name, password, credit card number, or cryptographic key by using an automated process of trial and error.

Which threats are most likely to cause poor input validation?

Among the classes of vulnerabilities exhibited by web applications, input validation vulnerabilities (

XSS and SQL injection

) remain among the most serious and prevalent threats to web application security. This Study is focused on SQL injection and XSS vulnerabilities.

Which is most vulnerable to injection attacks?

Any web application that fails to validate user-supplied inputs containing JavaScript code could be vulnerable to

cross-site scripting (XSS)

. To exploit an XSS vulnerability, the attacker provides the application with a text string that contains malicious JavaScript, for example by inserting it as a user ID in the URL.

What is a broken authentication?

Broken authentication is

an umbrella term for several vulnerabilities that attackers exploit to impersonate legitimate users online

. … Both are classified as broken authentication because attackers can use either avenue to masquerade as a user: hijacked session IDs or stolen login credentials.

What methods could be used to mitigate broken access control issues?

Deny access to functionality by default.
Use Access control lists and role-based authentication mechanisms.
Do not just hide functions.

Which of the following migration techniques can be adopted to avoid broken authentication and session management problems?

A VPN (virtual private network)

is another effective way to protect yourself from broken authentication and session management. VPNs enable users to send and receive data across shared or public networks privately.

What are the risks of a sensitive data exposure?

Sensitive data exposure can be

financially costly to your business and damage your reputation and brand

. The type of data at risk of exposure includes financial reports, bank account numbers, credit card numbers, usernames, passwords, customers' personal details, and healthcare information.

Why is session hijacking successful?

One of the most valuable byproducts of this type of attack is the

ability to gain access to a server without

having to authenticate to it. Once the attacker hijacks a session, they no longer have to worry about authenticating to the server as long as the communication session remains active.

What is the ranking of the broken authentication and session management vulnerability?

As a result, broken authentication and session management vulnerabilities are considered as the Top 2 vulnerabilities on

the OWASP list

since using a valid user's credentials is the easiest way for attackers to access off-limits systems.

What is a common vulnerability with passwords?

That's why we've compiled a list of top password authentication vulnerabilities as well as these recommended ways your company can avoid them:

User-Generated Credentials

.

Down Brute-Force Attacks

.

What are the 3 main types of password attacks?

Among hackers' favorite password attacks are

brute force, credential stuffing and password spray

.

Which three types of attacks would a 2 factor authentication solution help Garden against?

2FA protects against

phishing, social engineering and password brute-force attacks

and secures your logins from attackers exploiting weak or stolen credentials.

Which of the following can be caused due to poor input validation?

Incorrect input validation can lead to

injection attacks, memory leakage, and compromised systems

. While input validation can be either whitelisted or blacklisted, it is preferable to whitelist data. Whitelisting only passes expected data.

What are injection flaws?

An injection flaw is

a vulnerability which allows an attacker to relay malicious code through an application to another system

. This can include compromising both backend systems as well as other clients connected to the vunlerable application.

Which threat can occur when a Web application fails to validate a client's access to a resource?

Cross Site Scripting

is also shortly known as XSS. XSS vulnerabilities target scripts embedded in a page that are executed on the client side i.e. user browser rather then at the server side. These flaws can occur when the application takes untrusted data and send it to the web browser without proper validation.

Which threat is most likely to occur when a Web application fails to validate a clients access to a resource?

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks

occur when: Data enters a Web application through an untrusted source, most frequently a web request. The data is included in dynamic content that is sent to a web user without being validated for malicious content.

What is injection cybersecurity?

In an injection attack,

an attacker supplies untrusted input to a program

. This input gets processed by an interpreter as part of a command or query. … This attack type is considered a major problem in web security. It is listed as the number one web application security risk in the OWASP Top 10 – and for a good reason.

Which of the following is NOT vulnerability?

Which of the following is not physical layer vulnerability? Explanation:

Unauthorized network access

is not an example of physical layer vulnerability. The rest three – Physical theft of data & hardware, damage or destruction of data & hardware and keystroke & Other Input Logging are physical layer vulnerabilities.

What are the three types of authentication?

Authentication factors can be classified into three groups: something you know:

a password or personal identification number

(PIN); something you have: a token, such as bank card; something you are: biometrics, such as fingerprints and voice recognition.

What is password stuffing?

Credential stuffing is the automated injection of

stolen username

and password pairs (“credentials”) in to website login forms, in order to fraudulently gain access to user accounts.

What is a common characteristic of broken access control?

Denied access

is arguably the most common result of broken access controls. Access can be denied in applications, networks, servers, individual files, data fields, and memory. Denied access not only causes inaccessible requested files, it can cause other security mechanisms to fail.

What is the best method to verify that the access controls are not broken?

Manual testing

is the best way to detect missing or ineffective access control, including HTTP method (GET vs PUT, etc), controller, direct object references, etc.

What is the best method to avoid authorization bypass issues?

In order to stay protected from authentication bypass attack, it is best to keep all your systems, applications, software and OS up-to-date.
It is recommended to patch all vulnerabilities and install a good antivirus program.
It is best to have a secure and strong authentication policy in place.

What type of authentication attackers can detect via manual?

Attackers can detect

broken authentication

using manual means and exploit them using automated tools with password lists and dictionary attacks. Attackers have to gain access to only a few accounts, or just one admin account to compromise the system.

What is an example of ways to secure session management?

Always regenerate a session ID (SID) when elevating privileges or changing between HTTP and HTTPS. …
Check for suspicious activity and immediately destroy any suspect session. …
Store all session information server-side, never store anything except the SID in the client-side cookie.

What is impact of broken access control?

Once a flaw is discovered, the consequences of a flawed access control scheme can be devastating. In addition to viewing unauthorized content, an attacker might be

able to change or delete content

, perform unauthorized functions, or even take over site administration.

Which is a broken access control vulnerability?

Broken access control vulnerabilities exist

when a user can in fact access some resource or perform some action that they are not supposed to be able to access

.

What is the difference between broken authentication and broken access control?

A5 of the OWASP Top Ten is Broken Access Control, which is often confused with A2 Broken Authentication. The difference is that

Authentication is concerned with verifying an identity

, while Access Control is concerned with what the user should/shouldn't be able to see or do once they're inside.

Which of the following issues are examples of security misconfiguration?

Debugging enabled.
Incorrect folder permissions.
Using default accounts or passwords.
Setup/Configuration pages enabled.

What security controls can be used to mitigate against XXE?

Whenever possible, use less complex data formats such as JSON, and avoiding serialization of sensitive data.
Patch or upgrade all XML processors and libraries in use by the application or on the underlying operating system.

What are the examples of root cause for sensitive data exposure?

Sensitive data exposure occurs as a result of

not adequately protecting a database where information is stored

. This might be a result of a multitude of things such as weak encryption, no encryption, software flaws, or when someone mistakenly uploads data to an incorrect database.

What are sensitive breaches?

These breaches are classed as “sensitive” and may not be publicly searched. A sensitive data breach can only be searched by

the verified owner of the email address being searched for

. This is done via the notification system which involves sending a verification email to the address with a unique link.

What is sensitive source breach?

A

data

breach or data leak is the release of sensitive, confidential or protected data to an untrusted environment. Data breaches can occur as a result of a hacker attack, an inside job by individuals currently or previously employed by an organization, or unintentional loss or exposure of data.

Can session cookies be hijacked?

Cybercriminals have different methods to steal sessions. Many common types of session hijacking involve grabbing the

user's session cookie

, locating the session ID within the cookie, and using that information to take over the session. The session ID is also known as a session key.

What if a plane is hijacked?

The hijacked plane

will be shot down if

it is deemed to become a missile heading for strategic targets. The hijacked plane will be escorted by armed fighter aircraft and will be forced to land. A hijacked grounded plane will not be allowed to take off under any circumstance.

How does cookie hijacking work?

In computer science, session hijacking, sometimes also known as cookie hijacking is the exploitation of a valid computer session—sometimes also called a session key—

to gain unauthorized access to information or services in a computer system

.

Is weak password a vulnerability?

Weak passwords can be

guessable

or attacker can bruteforce if the length of the password is very small, so try to use random strings with special characters. Though that can be hard to remember as a security point of view it's quite secure.

What is the weakest form of authentication?

Explanation:

Passwords

are considered to be the weakest form of the authentication mechanism because these password strings can…