A meritocracy
is a system of social stratification that confers standing based on personal worth, rewarding effort. There are three main classes in the United States: upper, middle, and lower class. … Class traits, also called class markers, are the typical behaviors, customs, and norms that define each class.
Sociologists generally identify three levels of class in the United States:
upper, middle, and lower class
. Within each class, there are many subcategories. Wealth is the most significant way of distinguishing classes, because wealth can be transferred to one’s children and perpetuate the class structure.
Steve Jobs’ Childhood Home: The United States exhibits an
open stratification system
, where individuals can move between social statuses based on achievement. … Compared with industrialized open systems, pre-industrial societies have mostly been found to be closed class systems where there is low social mobility.
Social stratification.
A system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy
– by wealth, power, prestige. – social stratification is a product of society, more so than individual behavior.
How open a system of stratification is the United States?
The United States exhibits an open stratification system, where
individuals can move between social statuses based on achievement
.
Stratification systems are
either closed
, meaning they allow little change in social position, or open, meaning they allow movement and interaction between the layers. A caste system is one in which social standing is based on ascribed status or birth.
Conformity is shaped by society, but deviance is not. According to the social-conflict perspective, people who are labeled as deviant are likely to be rich and powerful. Poor people commit more crimes than rich people. European society has a higher violent crime rate than the United States.
What are the 4 systems of stratification?
The major systems of stratification are
slavery, estate systems, caste systems, and class systems
.
What is open system of stratification in sociology?
An open class system is the
stratification that facilitates social mobility
, with individual achievement and personal merit determining social rank. The hierarchical social status of a person is achieved through their effort.
What is an open system of stratification?
Systems of Stratification
Open systems, which are
based on achievement, allow movement and interaction between layers and classes
. These different systems reflect, emphasize, and foster certain cultural values and shape individual beliefs.
Simply put, social stratification is
the allocation of individuals and groups according to various social hierarchies of differing power, status, or prestige
. … In this regard, social stratification is found in every society, even if it takes on slightly different forms.
What are the two types of stratification systems?
Stratification systems include
class systems and caste systems, as well as meritocracy
.
The functionalist theory of social inequality holds that stratification exists
because it is beneficial for society
. … The conflict theory of social inequality holds that stratification exists because it benefits individuals and groups who have the power to dominate and exploit others.
What does is mean to call stratification a system quizlet?
It is
the system of structured social inequality and the structure of mobility in a society
.
Sociologists recognize that a variety of factors, including
social class, race, gender, sexuality, nationality
, and sometimes religion, influence stratification.
Do all societies have stratification systems?
Almost all societies are stratified according to wealth, power, prestige, and other resources the societies value
. Societies are often categorized into systems of stratification according to the degrees of inequality and vertical social mobility that characterize them.
What are the types of stratification?
Sociologist have distinguished four main types of social stratification namely,
Slavery, estates, caste and social class and status
.
How does the US primarily stratify its members?
American society is
stratified into social classes based on wealth, income, educational attainment, occupation, and social networks
.
There are three dominant theories that sociologists use to consider why inequality exists on a global scale. Global Social Stratification:
People in countries around the world experience different access to resources and opportunities and different standards of living
, based on their position in the global hierarchy.
Class systems are fluid with movement possible, and are large scale whereas caste systems
in which ones social status is held for life
.
Three primary social classes exist in the Philippines: the
low-income class, the middle-income class, and the high-income class
. … The middle class is further classified into lower, middle, and upper middle-income classes.
For example, in some cultures,
wisdom and charisma are valued
, and people who have them are revered more than those who don’t. In some cultures, the elderly are esteemed; in others, the elderly are disparaged or overlooked. Societies’ cultural beliefs often reinforce the inequalities of stratification.
What are the 3 bases of stratification?
Social stratification refers to the unequal distribution around the world of the three Ps:
property, power, and prestige
. This stratification forms the basis of the divisions of society and categorizations of people.
What system of stratification is commonly used in capitalist societies?
In capitalistic societies, society is often stratified via
a class system
. In a class system, there is often an upper class, a middle class, and a…
What do you call a system of stratification which is also known as feudalism?
Feudalism, also known as the
feudal system
, was the combination of the legal, economic, military, and cultural customs that flourished in Medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries.
What is an example of open stratification?
Open Stratification System
For example,
the super-rich in America will have an income in the hundreds of thousands of dollars each year
. If you’re one of these people, then you’re probably a top-level executive, a celebrity, or an heir to your family’s fortune.
What is the conflict view of stratification quizlet?
Conflict perspectives–Conflict theorists
observe that stratification promotes inequality, such as between rich business owners and poor workers
. You just studied 8 terms!
Functionalism:
argues that social stratification is needed to sort individuals into different professions and to maintain a meritocratic system of rewards
. Conflict theory: argues that stratification benefits certain groups more than others through rigid systems of mobility and change.
Stratification
leads to more productive society
.
Social Stratification provides motivation for different positions, particularly those which carry higher statuses and rewards. By distributing resources unequally, society motivates people to work harder and better in order to achieve a higher status.
Social Stratification.
The structuring of inequalities between groups in society
, in terms of their access to material or symbolic rewards.
What is the functionalist explanation of stratification quizlet?
Terms in this set (34) The structural-functionalist explanation of stratification is
that higher rewards, such as prestige and large salaries, are afforded to the most important positions in society
, thereby ensuring that the most qualified individuals will occupy the highest positions.
How are stratification systems maintained in this society?
Social stratification is maintained within a nation by
elites who control ideas and information, and use force
. … Elites also control information in order to maintain their position of power.
How does the United States ideologically justify its stratification system?
How does the United States ideologically justify its type of stratification system? A:
The class a person is in has nothing to do with ability; one is born into it.
… Hard work (or lack of it) determines class.
Origins of Social Stratification. In early societies, people shared a common social standing. As societies evolved and became more complex,
they began to elevate some members
. Today, stratification, a system by which society ranks its members in a hierarchy, is the norm throughout the world.
Low status consistency means that classes are harder to define than casts. Cultural beliefs that justify particular social arrangments, including patterns of inequality. Every culture considers some type of inequality fair. This can change with society’s economy and technology.
Sociologists generally distinguish four main types of social stratification –
slavery, estate, caste and social class and status
.
social reproduction. refers
to the process through which stratification systems reproduce themselves across generations
. -people tend to follow in their parents’ footsteps in the class hierarchy. the role of socialization in social reproduction.
