Here Mill makes his primary categorical distinction: “there is a radical distinction between the interest felt in a novel . . . and
the interest excited by poetry
; for the one is derived from incident, the other from the representation of feeling.” Poetry works internally; novels work externally.
How does John Stuart Mill define poetry?
Poetry is
feeling
, confessing. itself to itself in moments of solitude, and embodying itself in symbols, which are the. nearest possible representations of the feeling in the exact shape in which it exists in. the poet's mind.
Did John Stuart Mill write poetry?
Mill's
poetic
views were an outgrowth of his experience with Wordsworth's poetry and his desire to integrate all new ideas into his philosophy. … His lifelong concern for truth found its justification in his insistence that the object of poetry was to convey truthfully the feelings to which the poem gives expression.
How is poetry different from eloquence?
Poetry and eloquence are both alike the expression or utterance of feeling: but, if we may be excused the antithesis, we should say that eloquence is heard;
poetry is overheard
. Eloquence supposes an audience. The peculiarity of poetry appears to us to lie in the poet's utter unconsciousness of a listener.
How does Mill define liberty?
In conclusion to this analysis of past governments, Mill proposes a single standard for which a person's liberty may be restricted: That the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others.
What is John Stuart Mill best known for?
John Stuart Mill's most important works include
Principles of Political Economy
(1848), On Liberty (1859), Utilitarianism (1861), and The Subjection of Women (1869).
What is John Stuart Mill philosophy?
The ethical theory of John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) is most extensively articulated in his classical text
Utilitarianism
(1861). Its goal is to justify the utilitarian principle as the foundation of morals. This principle says actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote overall human happiness.
What is poetic eloquence?
eloquence (the
quality of artistry and persuasiveness in speech
or writing).
How does Mill define progress?
In Marx's formulation Mills' timeline is turned back to front; rather than liberty driving progress, progress becomes the driver of freedom. As Harris (1956:162) contends, “in Mill's meaning progress
consists primarily in the improvement of man himself [
…]
How does Mill argue for his principle of liberty?
Mill's liberty principle is the idea that people should be free to do whatever they want, without any intervention from state or individuals, unless their actions harm somebody other than themselves. He argued that
if each person was free to make his or her own choices it would maximise happiness in society
.
What does Mill think is the most important reason for individuality?
Mill believes that individuality is
essential to individual well being or happiness
. Those who are hammered into conformity cannot reach their full potential intellectually or creatively. What, according to Mill, is the great benefit of cultivating our individuality?
Why does mill distinguish different pleasures?
Mill delineates how to differentiate between higher- and lower-quality pleasures:
A pleasure is of higher quality if people would choose it over a different pleasure
even if it is accompanied by discomfort, and if they would not trade it for a greater amount of the other pleasure.
What is the freedom of expression according to Stuart Mill analyze?
He also eloquently argued that freedom of expression allows for personal growth and self-realization. He said that freedom of speech was a vital way to develop talents and realise a person's potential and creativity. He repeatedly said that eccentricity was preferable to uniformity and stagnation.
How does Mill describe the basic moral standard of utilitarianism?
Mill defines utilitarianism as a theory based on the principle that “
actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness
.” Mill defines happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain.
How does Mill's utilitarianism differ with that of Bentham's?
The main differences between Bentham theory and Mill theory are:
Bentham advocated that the pleasures and the pains differ in quantity and not in quality
. He said that pains and pleasures can be computed mathematically. But Mill said that pain and pleasure can't be measured arithmetically they differ in quality only.
How do you write a character in a poem?
Study the character you're writing about and pick out the physical traits about him that are recognizable. These are traits you'll want to bring out in the poem.
Exaggerate details
. Poems are shorter than stories.
Does Mill agree with Marx?
Both Marx and Mill agree that
human beings are capable of making progress and that the concept of freedom is an end in itself
. Thus, they saw freedom as a means to realise individual potential and self-determination.
What was the theory of Mill about society and civilization?
culture or. collective life, Mill thus
regarded all societies as measurable by a pre
.
determined index of social progress distinguishing civilized, self-governing peoples from non-civilized, subject populations
. Without exonerating him from his undoubtedly problematic views of non.
How would Marx describe Mill's conception of freedom?
According to Marx's definition of freedom, because conscious development of human beings is desirable,
freedom is viewed as an end in itself
. For Mill, freedom of speech, of association, and of action have subsequent motivations: they are crucial for progress. However, freedom of choice is an end in itself.
How does Mill argue for liberty of thought and discussion in Chapter II?
Mill laid out his argument for freedom of expression in the second section of On Liberty (‘liberty of thought and discussion'). The core of his argument is that
censorship prevents us from correcting errors by critical discussion
. If a forbidden opinion is true, we lose the opportunity to learn of its truth.
How does Mill argue for the harm principle?
Mill wrote what is known as the ‘harm principle' as an expression of the idea that
the right to self-determination is not unlimited
. An action which results in doing harm to another is not only wrong, but wrong enough that the state can intervene to prevent that harm from occurring.
What is the difference between freedom of speech and freedom of expression?
Freedom of speech is the
freedom to say, write, read, or publish whatever you want
. … Freedom of expression is one of the key tenets of our human rights. Freedom of expression is an important human right, but so is the right not to be discriminated against.
What was John Stuart Mill saying about free thought in a free society?
Mill claims that
the fullest liberty of expression is required to push
our arguments to their logical limits, rather than the limits of social embarrassment. Such liberty of expression is necessary, he suggests, for the dignity of persons.
What do you think Mill means when he talks about the tyranny of the majority?
Mill believes that there are two major forms of tyranny: political tyranny (as when a political leader takes too much control over individual lives of the citizens of the state) and
social tyranny
, which he calls “tyranny of the majority.” Mill admits that even when the political leaders of a state allow its citizens …
How does Mill define liberty quizlet?
Mill identifies the subject as
civil or social liberty
, or the nature/limits of the power that can be legitimately exercised by society over an individual; how far an individual's power can extend before it is constrained.
What is individuality and why is it useful for society according to mill in Chapter III?
Furthermore,
individuality enables people to become more useful to themselves and to society
. The only suppression a society needs is that which prevents one person from hurting another, which also helps both individuals (because it teaches them to think of others) and society in general.
How does Mill propose to determine which pleasures are higher and which are lower?
How does Mill propose to determine which pleasures are higher and which are lower?
By asking people who have experience with both kinds of pleasure
.
How does Mill defend himself against those who accuse utilitarianism of being a crass pleasure theory similar to epicureanism?
How does Mill defend himself against those who say that this is a crass pleasure theory? …
Few human creature would consent to the life of lower animal for a promise of fullest allowance of a beast's pleasures
; no intelligent human being would consent to be a fool.
What is the greatest happiness principle according to Mill?
Mill's Greatest Happiness Principle (Principle of Utility)
establishes that happiness is the ultimate criterion to establish what is moral and what is not
, i.e., the ideal moral society is the one where everybody is happy and everybody is free of pain.
How does Mill differentiate between happiness and contentment?
The main difference between happiness and contentment is that, while happiness denotes an emotional state, which is more short term,
contentment refers to a state, which is long term
. Unlike happiness, contentment involves a calmness, which is very stable.
Why does Mill believe that an ethical theory must distinguish between higher and lower pleasures?
Mill does privilege pleasure:
he writes that happiness consists of pleasure and freedom from pain
. … Thus, making a distinction between higher and lower pleasures allows Mill to separate himself from of earlier accounts of utilitarianism as well as replying to the criticisms leveled at utilitarianism in general.
