Even one of the most popular psychologists,
Sigmund Freud
, believed in the theory of “anatomy is destiny”, or that our physical bodies influence our motivations and personal development and suit our gender roles (i.e. women can be mothers but not scholars).
Which theorist agreed that anatomy is destiny?
Background:
Sigmund Freud
(1856-1939) claimed that anatomy is destiny, that is, one’s gender determines one’s main personality traits. Karen Horney (1885-1952), while considering herself a disciple of Freud, disagreed.
Which of the following statements regarding television and gender is true?
Which of the following is probably true, based on research on gender bias in schools? Which of the following statements regarding same-sex education is TRUE? … Research has shown that
the more adolescent females and males watched entertainment TV, the more
?
Which theory of gender development emphasizes the role of reward and punishment for gender appropriate and gender inappropriate?
Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory of gender
emphasizes that boys and girls learn about gender roles by observing others and imitating them (Bussey & Bandura, 1999). Gender roles are fostered through rewards and punishments they experience for gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate behavior.
Is the presence of a high degree of feminine and masculine characteristics in the same individual?
Gender Stereotypes
presence of both masculine and feminine characteristics in the same individual.
Where did Freud write anatomy is destiny?
In Freud’s essay “
The Dissolution of the Oedipus Complex
” (1924), the phrase “anatomy is destiny’ is placed in a very different context. The question is no longer about human sexuality in general but about sexual difference. Freud has just explained how little boys commonly overcome the Oedipus complex.
Who said anatomy is not destiny?
Although thought of as a commentary on sexual relations, the quote by
Freud
“Anatomy is destiny” is apropos to our Journal. Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) (Figure 1) was an Austrian physician who specialized in nervous system disorders.
Which of the following is a criticism of Vygotsky’s social constructivist approach?
Vygotsky overemphasized the role of language in thinking
. Which of the following statements about adolescent decision-making is TRUE?
Which of the following would qualify as an example of a background stressor?
background stressors and daily hassles are the same thing. Which of the following would qualify as an example of a background stressor?
Getting irritated as one’s headphones are not working.
Which of the following research methods allow S researchers to determine causality group of answer choices?
In an experiment the influence of participants expectations, and of their thoughts about how they should behave on their behavior. … Both
correlational and experimental research
allow researchers to determine causality.
Sociocultural theory, also called social structural theory or social role theory, was proposed by
Eagly and Wood
(1999). According to this view, a society’s division of labor by gender drives all other gender differences in behavior.
What are the 3 major theories of gender development?
Given the ubiquitous influence of gender in a person’s life, a number of theories have been developed to explain gender development. These theories can be generally divided into three families:
biological, socialization, and cognitive
.
Social learning theory, proposed by Albert Bandura,
emphasizes the importance of observing, modelling, and imitating the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others
. Social learning theory considers how both environmental and cognitive factors interact to influence human learning and behavior.
What are androgynous characteristics?
androgyny, condition in which characteristics of both sexes are clearly expressed in a single individual. … In psychology, androgyny refers to individuals with strong personality traits associated with both sexes,
combining toughness and gentleness, assertiveness and nurturing behaviour
, as called for by the situation.
What is psychological androgyny quizlet?
Androgyny.
a psychological balance between male and female personality traits
.
What refers to femininity or masculinity of a person’s role and behavior?
“
Femininities
” and “masculinities” describe gender identities (see Gender). … In any one culture, certain behaviors or practices may be widely recognized as “feminine” or “masculine,” irrespective of whether they are adopted by women or by men. Femininities and masculinities are not descriptors of sexual orientation.
When did Freud say anatomy is destiny?
A phrase originating with Sigmund Freud, and found in his Collected Writings (
1924
).
What is anatomy of the body?
Anatomy is
the science that studies the structure of the body
. On this page, you’ll find links to descriptions and pictures of the human body’s parts and organ systems from head to toe.
Did Freud argue that anatomy is destiny?
Background: Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) claimed that anatomy is destiny, that is, one’s
gender determines one’s main personality traits
.
Is destiny a quote?
“Character is destiny,” is a quote
attributed to the Greek philosopher, Heraclitus
. This quote implies that destiny, or fate, is not a predetermined outside force, but that one’s future, or destiny, is determined by his own inner character.
What do you mean by anatomical?
Definition of anatomical
:
of or relating to anatomy or the body structure of organisms
anatomical studies/structures/mechanisms The mollusks are divided according to common anatomical traits into seven classes …— Carol M.
Who developed the zone of proximal development?
The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) was a key construct in
Lev Vygotsky’s
theory of learning and development. The Zone of Proximal Development is defined as the space between what a learner can do without assistance and what a learner can do with adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers.
What was Vygotsky’s theory been criticized for?
Vygotsky’s theories have been heavily criticized for
his lack of experimental tests
. He relied widely on observation of his subjects to prove his findings as he believed that social interaction was a key factor to learning.
What is Vygotsky’s theory on play?
In Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory, play is an important part of early childhood. Vygotsky believed that play
promotes cognitive, social, and emotional development in children
. … In Vygotsky’s play, role-playing and the imaginary situation are planned ahead and there are rules for participating in play.
What’s a background stressor?
Background stressors are
repetitive and persistent events that may form routine elements of our lives
. The effect of such stressors upon health is chronic rather than acute and results from long rather than short term exposure.
Which of the following hormones is released when people confront devastating situations?
Also called
epinephrine
, this hormone is a crucial part of the body’s fight-or-flight response, but over-exposure can be damaging to health. Because of this, adrenaline is a hormone worth understanding. Adrenaline is produced in the medulla in the adrenal glands as well as some of the central nervous system’s neurons.
What research method best allows researchers to assess causal relationships?
Correlational research
allows a researcher to determine if there is a relationship between two variables without having to randomly assign participants to conditions. The strength of correlational research is its predictive capabilities.
What do researchers do when conducting descriptive or correlational research?
Descriptive research is summarized using descriptive statistics. Correlational research
designs measure two or more relevant variables and assess a relationship between or among them
. The variables may be presented on a scatter plot to visually show the relationships.
What is Skinner’s theory?
The theory of B.F. Skinner is based upon the
idea that learning is a function of change in overt behavior
. Changes in behavior are the result of an individual’s response to events (stimuli) that occur in the environment. … Reinforcement is the key element in Skinner’s S-R theory.
Which of the following is an example of proactive coping?
An example of an item from the proactive coping subscale is
“I try to pinpoint what I need to succeed
,” and an example of an item from the preventive coping subscale is “I plan for future eventualities.” Each item is assessed on a 4-point scale from 1 (not at all true) to 4 (completely true).
What did Wilhelm Wundt?
Wilhelm Wundt was a German psychologist who established
the very first psychology laboratory in
Leipzig, Germany in 1879. This event is widely recognized as the formal establishment of psychology as a science distinct from biology and philosophy.
What is bandura self efficacy theory?
Psychologist Albert Bandura has defined self-efficacy as
people’s beliefs in their capabilities to exercise control over their own functioning and over events that affect their lives
. One’s sense of self-efficacy can provide the foundation for motivation, well-being, and personal accomplishment.
How does Bandura’s theory differ from Skinner?
Skinner and Albert Bandura believed behavior is
the result of what is learned from experience
(Corey, 2009). Whereas Skinner believed environmental influences control people, Bandura believed people are goal-oriented and have specific intentions and purposes. He believed the basis for learning is observing others.
Which perspective is the creation of e Durkheim?
Émile Durkheim and Functionalism. As
a functionalist
, Émile Durkheim’s (1858–1917) perspective on society stressed the necessary interconnectivity of all of its elements. To Durkheim, society was greater than the sum of its parts.
What is psychoanalytic theory of gender?
Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of gender development suggests that gender development
takes place during the third stage of
his psychosexual theory of personality development. He called this the phallic stage, which occurs between three and six years old.
The theory
integrates psychological and sociostructural determinants within a unified conceptual structure
. In this theoretical perspective, gender conceptions and roles are the product of a broad network of social influences operating interdependently in a variety of societal subsystems.
What is cognitive theory?
Cognitive theory is
an approach to psychology that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding your thought processes
. 1 For example, a therapist is using principles of cognitive theory when they teach you how to identify maladaptive thought patterns and transform them into constructive ones.
What are the 4 theories of gender development?
Normative Gender Role Development
Diane Ruble and Carol Martin have organized research on gender role development around four major gender-typing components:
(1) concepts or beliefs, (2) gender identity or self-perception, (3) verbalized gendered preferences, and (4) display of gender-typed behaviors
.
What is biological theory of gender development?
Gender refers to the cultural differences expected (by society / culture) of men and women according to their sex. … The biological approach suggests there is no distinction between sex & gender, thus biological sex creates gendered behavior. Gender is determined by two biological factors:
hormones and chromosomes
.
Is androgynous a part of LGBT?
Ally | A person who is not LGBTQ but shows support for LGBTQ people and promotes equality in a variety of ways. Androgynous |
Identifying and/or presenting as neither distinguishably masculine nor feminine
. Asexual | The lack of a sexual attraction or desire for other people.
Was Bowie an androgynous?
Clothed in femininity, he established himself through the album’s title: “The Man Who Sold The World.” A reference to his male identity, Bowie
embraced his gender
by appearing the opposite. His irony was deliberate in introducing the concept of androgyny to his image.
Can androgynous be CIS?
When androgyny refers to mixed biological sex characteristics in humans, it often refers to intersex people. Regarding gender identity, androgynous individuals
may refer to themselves as non-binary, genderqueer, or gender neutral
, while others may identify as transgender men or women, or may be cisgender.
