Context-dependent memory refers to
improved recall of specific episodes or information
when contextual cues relating to the environment are the same during encoding and retrieval. … When they were asked to remember the words half of the beach learners remained on the beach, the rest had to recall underwater.
What is context Dependant memory in psychology?
Context-dependent memory refers
to improved recall when the context during encoding is the same as the context during retrieval
. For example, when an event is stored in one’s memory, contextual information surrounding the event is stored too.
What is context dependent memory quizlet?
Context-Dependent memory is that
we remember information better when we attempt to recall it in the context in which we learned it
. If we study with the TV or stereo on, we also take the test within the “Context” of the TV or Stereo.
Why is memory context dependent?
Context-dependent memory
brings ideas, skills, and experiences to mind when they’re in the same context as they were when you experienced them before
. When you learn something in one context, you’ll more easily remember it in that same context.
What are context Dependant cues?
Context dependent cues are
environmental cues which aid in accessing the memories formed in a certain context
. It has been demonstrated that the recall of specific episodes and information improves when the context present when retrieving, is the same as when the information was encoded.
What is a question that comes up for people with context-dependent memory?
6 Mood-
congruent
and Mood-dependent memory. 6.1 Mood-congruent memory. 6.2 Mood-dependent memory.
What is context-dependent memory and state-dependent memory?
While state-dependent memory may seem rather similar to context-dependent memory, context-dependent memory involves
an individual’s external environment and conditions
(such as the room used for study and to take the test) while state-dependent memory applies to the individual’s internal conditions (such as use of …
Which of these would be an example of state dependent memory?
State-dependent memory is a phenomenon where people are more likely to retrieve memories that were created in similar states of consciousness. For example, if
you learned something while drunk
, you will have a higher chance of remembering it if you are also drunk.
How do context effects affect memory?
Context effects do differ when it comes to what sort of task is being performed. According to a study by Godden & Baddeley, the effects of context change on memory retrieval are
much greater in recall tasks than in recognition tasks
. Meaning that a similar context associates with greater recall than recognition.
What is context reinstatement quizlet?
“Context reinstatement” refers
to
.
improved memory if we re-create the context that was in place during learning
.
Who studied context dependent forgetting?
Godden & Baddeley’s
Study of Context Dependent Forgetting – Edexcel Psychology.
How are memories retrieved describe how context dependent and state dependent memories are retrieved?
memories are retrieved in three ways, recognition, recall, and relearning. … context-dependent memories are
when memories are retrieved when the situation that was encoded is recreated
. state-dependent memories are retrieved when the mood was originally was encoded in is recreated.
What is the example of a flashbulb memory?
An example of a flashbulb memory is
the assassination of the US president John F. Kennedy in 1963
and recalling the moment you learned of the death of Princess Diana in 1997. Recalling where you were when you learned about the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.
What is the meaning of declarative memory?
Declarative or explicit memory is
devoted to processing of names, dates, places, facts, events, and so forth
. These are entities that are thought of as being encoded symbolically and that thus can be described with language. In terms of function, declarative memory is specialized for fast processing and learning.
What is context sensory memory?
Sensory memory is
the perception of sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch information entering through the sensory cortices of the brain and relaying through the thalamus
. It lasts only milliseconds and is mostly outside conscious awareness.
Which of the following best describes a flashbulb memory?
Which of the following best describes a flashbulb memory?
A memory formed during a emotional event that seems to be very vivid
, but is no more accurate than a normal memory.
What is episodic memory examples?
Episodic memory is a person’s memory of a specific event. …
Your memories of your first day of school, your first kiss, attending a friend’s birthday party
, and your brother’s graduation are all examples of episodic memories.
How can state dependent memory affect your ability to study for and take a final exam?
It will help you put some context into your exams! The theory of state dependent memory argues that
our efforts to recall certain information is affected by our psychological and physiological states
. Individuals find it easier to retain information if they are in the same state as when they first learned it.
What is an example of mood-dependent retrieval?
The majority of the time that I was studying for the exam,
I was in a great mood
. I was doing great in my classes, my relationships were intact, and I was healthy. This is an example of mood-dependent memory. … If our mood changes when it is time to recall the information, it is harder to remember.
What is an example of mood congruent memory?
Mood Congruent Memory occurs when
your current mood usually cues memories that mirror that mood
. For example, if you’re very sad, you tend to start thinking about depressing things that have happened in your life, or if you’re happy, you start to recall other happy things.
What is an example of the context effect?
For example, when a
person goes shopping or eats out
, they are much more likely to spend time in a comfortable and appealing environment thereby increasing the likelihood of making purchases and returning to shop or eat there again.
What is cue dependent forgetting in psychology?
forgetting caused by the absence at testing of a stimulus
(or cue) that was present when the learning occurred.
What is an example of context in psychology?
In Psychology, context refers to
the background stimuli that accompany some kind of foreground event
. For example, if a rat is foraging and is frightened by a cat, the place (and possibly time) of foraging is the context and the cat is the foreground event.
Which of the following refers to the hypothesis that memories fade or erode with the passage of time?
The Decay theory
is a theory that proposes that memory fades due to the mere passage of time.
Which of the following is least likely as a potential explanation for why memories might be encoded poorly during a traumatic event?
Which of the following is LEAST likely as a potential explanation for why memories might be encoded poorly during a traumatic event?
probably explains more forgetting than decay does
. immediate reports of the event as well as their recall of the event if they try to remember it sometime later.
When people can tell us which things they actually remember and which they just know what advantage does this give us?
In 1966, Glanzer and Cunitz gave
two groups of participants the same list of words
. One group was asked to immediately recall the words after being presented the list, while the other was asked to count backward in threes for 30 seconds before they had to recall the list.
What is an example of proactive interference?
Proactive interference occurs
when old memories limit one’s capacity to recall new information
. You’ve probably already witnessed this phenomenon when trying to recall phone numbers. For instance, the old number you have had for several years can proactively interfere the process of remembering your new phone number.
What did McGeoch and McDonald find in their research?
McGeoch & McDonald (1931)
However, the second list they they were given contained totally different info e.g. 3 digit numbers. When asked to recall the first list (which they had previously recalled accurately) it was found that
those who had learned synonyms, had the worst recall
.
Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as state dependence?
Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as state dependence? It is
a situation whereby information learned in a drug-induced state is difficult to recall when the drug wears off
.
What are flashbulb memories so vivid?
This suggests that one reason why flashbulb memories remain so vivid for people is
that they are recalled over time
. Extra information that emerges when someone recalls a memory can get incorporated into that memory later.
What type of memory is flashbulb memory?
Flashbulb memory has always been classified as a type of
autobiographical memory
, which is memory for one’s everyday life events. Emotionally neutral autobiographical events, such as a party or a barbecue, were contrasted with emotionally arousing events that were classified as flashbulb memories.
Who came up with state dependent memory?
The phenomenon was first investigated systematically in 1964 by
the US psychologist Donald (Albert) Overton
(born 1935), who focused on drug-dependent memory in rats, and this was later demonstrated in humans: material learnt in a drunken state is best remembered in a later drunken state, and so on.
What is state dependent learning and how you use that to help you in school?
By definition, state dependent learning is
a type of learning that is associated with a specific state
. People have better memory recall when information is retrieved in the same state that it was learned in. Especially when referring to mood.
What is an example of a declarative memory?
Declarative memory is part of
long-term memory involving “knowing that”
, for example, London is the capital of England, zebras are animals, and the date of your mum’s birthday (Cohen and Squire, 1980).
What did Cohen and Squire suggest about declarative memory?
Cohen and Squire (1980) drew a distinction between declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge. … Their
memory for events and knowledge acquired before the onset of the condition tends to remain intact
, but they can’t store new episodic or semantic memories.
What is an example of Nondeclarative memory?
Examples of Nondeclarative Memory
Nondeclarative memory includes things like:
Simple cooking tasks, like boiling water for tea
. Riding a bicycle or driving a car. Buttoning and unbuttoning a shirt.
