Which of the following definitions for the term “foresight bias” is most accurate? Foresight bias
occurs when people are too confident that they will do well in a future exam
, based on the estimates they make while studying the material.
Which of the following students provides the most accurate summary of the research on Metacomprehension accuracy among college students Group of answer choices?
Which of the following students provides the most accurate summary of the research on metacomprehension accuracy among college students? Cheryl: “
Students’ metacomprehension accuracy and their reading comprehension scores are significantly correlated
.”
Which of the following students provides the best definition of the term mnemonics group of answer choices?
Which of the following students provides the best definition of the term mnemonics. Cynthia: “
Mnemonics refers to using a strategy to improve our memory.”
What does research say about the way students distribute their study time when a task is hard quizlet?
What does research say about the way students distribute their study time when a task is hard? –
They devote the same amount of study time to both the difficult items and the easy ones.
What can we conclude about college students accuracy on measures of Meta comprehension?
What can we conclude about college students’ accuracy on measures of metacognition?
Students are not especially accurate in judging whether they understand the material
they had read. In addition, metacomprehension can be improved when students receive feedback about their understanding before they take a test.
Which of the following students provides the best definition of the term ecological validity?
Which of the following students provides the best definition of the term “ecological validity”? … Tessa: “Ecological validity means that there is a high similarity between the situation where the study is being conducted, and the situation in “
real life” where the results will be applied
.”
Which of the following students provides the best comparison between the term metacognition?
Which of the following students provides the best comparison between the term “metacognition” and the term “self-knowledge”? a
. Sue
: “Metacognition refers to people’s beliefs about other people; in contrast, self-knowledge is a broad term that refers to people’s beliefs about themselves.”
Which of the following is an example of an implicit memory task?
Some examples of implicit memory include
singing a familiar song
, typing on your computer keyboard, and brushing your teeth. Riding a bike is another example. Even after going years without riding one, most people are able to hop on a bike and ride it effortlessly.
What is keyword approach?
The keyword method is
when a person uses what a word sounds like to visualize something memorable that will help them later recall the definition
. … The stranger the image used in the keyword method, the more likely you will be able to recall the definition of the word later.
How does retrospective memory differ from prospective memory?
Retrospective memory is the
memory of people, words, and events encountered or experienced in the past
. … In contrast, prospective memory involves remembering something or remembering to do something after a delay, such as buying groceries on the way home from work.
Which of the following is an effective way to distribute practice that not only will assess what you have learned and remember but will also improve both?
Which of the following is an effective way to distribute practice that not only will assess what you have learned and remember but will also improve both? …
distributed practice
.
Which of the following best describes short term working memory?
Which one of the following statements best characterizes working memory (sometimes known as short-term memory)? It
actively processes a small amount of information, typically holding it for less than a minute
.
Why is retroactive interference relevant to the post event misinformation effect?
Why is retroactive interference relevant to the post-event misinformation effect?
Recently learned material may interfere with the older memories
. the participants reported that they had often used self-reference processing, even when they had received other instructions.
What memory refers to our tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with our current mood?
If you can relate to the above story, you’ve experienced the effects of
mood-congruent memory
, which is the idea that the memories we retrieve tend to be consistent with our current emotional state. This explains why people who are in a bad mood recall negative memories, and the same goes for all types of moods.
What is mega cognition?
Metacognition is, put simply,
thinking about one’s thinking
. More precisely, it refers to the processes used to plan, monitor, and assess one’s understanding and performance. Metacognition includes a critical awareness of a) one’s thinking and learning and b) oneself as a thinker and learner.
What is one explanation that Craik and his colleagues propose for the reason why a deep level of processing leads to greater recall?
What is one explanation that Craik and his colleagues propose for the reason why a deep level of processing leads to greater recall?
Deep levels make the stimulus different from other memory traces in the system; it’s more distinctive.
How do the prototype approach and the exemplar approach differ from each other?
Clifford: “The prototype approach
says that concepts are associated with one best example of a category
; the exemplar approach says that concepts are associated with many specific examples of a category.”
What would be the most accurate way to describe the subjective feeling of familiarity?
According to the textbook chapter, what would be the most accurate way to describe the subjective feeling of familiarity?
anterograde amnesia
.
Why is metacognition so important for learning and memory quizlet?
Why is metacognition so important for learning and memory?
People who have good metacognition are able to adjust their learning strategies when they are not effective
. … learning without the intention to learn, which is better than intentional learning.
What is well organized knowledge about the world called?
“
Semantic memory
refers to our organized knowledge about the world.”
What are the problems of the levels of processing theory of memory?
It does not explain how the deeper processing results in better
memories
. • Deeper processing takes more effort than shallow processing and it could be this, rather than the depth of processing that makes it more likely people will remember something. • The concept of depth is vague and cannot be observed.
How does the tip of the tongue effect provide an example of metacognition?
Metacognitive explanations for the phenomenon suggest that tip-of-the-tongue
states serve as a sort of alarm
. Like a warning signal in your car, they can alert you to a potential problem that needs to be addressed.
What is an implicit memory task?
Implicit memories are
procedural tasks you don’t need to consciously think about once you learn them
. However, this is in direct contrast to explicit memories. Explicit memories need to be intentionally recalled and come in two forms: episodic and semantic memory.
What are the 3 types of implicit memory?
The three types of implicit memory are
procedural memory, classical conditioning, and priming
. Information processing begins in sensory memory, moves to short-term memory, and eventually moves to long-term memory. Maintenance rehearsal and chunking are used to keep information in short-term memory.
How is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory?
Explicit memory deals with remembering facts and events. Unlike implicit memory, which you use unconsciously,
it takes a conscious effort to retrieve things from your explicit memory
.
What is the keyword in psychology definition?
Keyword method is
a memory technique or mnemonic which generally uses visualization
. For instance, a student has to memorize the vocabulary “jaundice” which is mainly characterized by “yellowish skin”. … This technique is backed up by the research finding that a big part of memory work is influenced by visual input.
Is prospective memory declarative memory?
As prospective memory involves remembering and fulfilling an intention, it requires
episodic
memory, declarative memory, and retrospective memory, followed by supervisory executive functions.
What is event based prospective memory?
Event based prospective memory is
remembering to perform an action when some external event occurs
, such as remembering to give a message to a friend when you meet the friend. Time based prospective memory is remembering to perform an action at a certain time, such as remembering to attend a meeting at 10 am.
What is the meaning of declarative memory?
Declarative or explicit memory is
devoted to processing of names, dates, places, facts, events, and so forth
. These are entities that are thought of as being encoded symbolically and that thus can be described with language. In terms of function, declarative memory is specialized for fast processing and learning.
What is keyword mnemonic?
A keyword mnemonic is
an elaborative rehearsal strategy used to help encode information more effectively so that you can easily memorize and recall it
. … Second, the learner forms a mental image of that keyword being connected to the new word or piece of information.
Which of the following is an example of the keyword method mnemonic?
Examples of keyword mnemonics:
Say your students need to learn the words for two different parts of the brain
: cerebrum and cerebellum. Since the cerebrum is larger than the cerebellum, the keyword for cerebrum could be drum (a large instrument) and the keyword for cerebellum could be bell (a small instrument).
What is post-event misinformation effect?
The misinformation effect refers to
the tendency for post-event information to interfere with the memory of the original event
. Researchers have shown that the introduction of even relatively subtle information following an event can have a dramatic effect on how people remember.
What is meant by proactive interference?
Proactive interference is
when older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer memories
. Because older memories are often better rehearsed and more strongly cemented in long-term memory, it is often easier to recall previously learned information rather than more recent learning.
What is the meaning of retroactive interference?
Retroactive interference (retro=backward) occurs
when you forget a previously learnt task due to the learning of a new task
. In other words, later learning interferes with earlier learning – where new memories disrupt old memories.
What is distributed Practice AP?
Distributed practice (also known as spaced repetition or spaced practice) is
a learning strategy
, where practice is broken up into a number of short sessions – over a longer period of time. massed practice. learning with no intervals or short intervals between successive bouts of learning Compared distributed practice.
How is distributed practice effective?
In distributed practice,
gaps between occurrences of an item make retrieval effortful
, which benefits memory. … But with distributed practice, the contexts are likely more variable due to the passage of time, resulting in the encoding of different contextual information that is more effective at cueing later retrieval.
What is meant by distributed practice?
a learning procedure in which practice periods for a particular task are separated by lengthy rest periods or lengthy periods of practicing different activities or studying other material
, rather than occurring close together in time. Also called spaced learning; spaced practice. …
Why short-term memory is called working memory?
They both do not hold information for very long but short term memory simply stores information for a short while, while working memory
retains the information in order to manipulate it
. Short term memory is part of working memory, but that doesn’t make it the same thing.
On what factor do working memory and short-term memory most differ?
On what factor do working memory and short-term memory most differ? a. STM: is concerned with storing info for brief period of time, working memory is
concerned with the manipulation of information
.
Is short-term memory working memory?
Working memory is short-term memory that’s
used to execute specific tasks
. Working memory is a system that’s designed to manipulate and use short-term memories. Working memory is attention that’s designed to manage short-term memory.
What is it called when there is a disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information?
the disruptive effect of learning on the recall of previously learned information is called.
retroactive interference
.
recall
of what you have learned is often improved when your physical surroundings at the time of retrieval and encoding are the same.
What is the term for getting information out of memory?
The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness is known as
retrieval
. This would be similar to finding and opening a paper you had previously saved on your computer’s hard drive.
What is semantic encoding AP Psychology?
semantic encoding.
the processing of information into memory according to its meaning
.
imagery
.
mental pictures
; a powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with semantic encoding. mnemonics.
