Is A Television In The Bedroom Associated With Obesity?

​

No

, a television in the bedroom and obesity are associated because the body mass index of the adolescents who had a TV in their bedroom was significantly higher than that of the adolescents who did not have a TV in their bedroom.

What is it meant by confounding?

Confounding means

the distortion of the association between the independent and dependent variables

because a third variable is independently associated with both. A causal relationship between two variables is often described as the way in which the independent variable affects the dependent variable.

What is a cross-sectional study choose the correct answer below?

Choose the correct answer below. Cross-sectional studies are observational studies that collect information

about individuals

at a specific point in time or over a very short period of time.

What are the two response variables?

One response variable is the amount of time visiting the site. This response variable is quantitative. One response variable is

the amount spent by the visitor

.

What is the response variable in the study is the response variable qualitative or quantitative?

The response variable is the number of individuals who participate in the study. The response variable is

quantitative

.

What are examples of confounding variables?

For example, the use of placebos, or random assignment to groups. So you really can't say for sure whether lack of exercise leads to weight gain. One confounding variable is

how much people eat

. It's also possible that men eat more than women; this could also make sex a confounding variable.

Why are confounding variables bad?

Confounding variables are common in research and can affect the outcome of your study. This is because the external influence from the confounding variable or third

factor can ruin your research outcome and produce useless results by suggesting a non-existent connection between variables

.

When all individuals in a population are included in data collection it is called a?

census

. a list of all individuals in a population along with certain characteristics of each individual. random sampling. the process of using chance to select individuals from a population to be included in the sample. simple random sampling.

Is the number of words in a speech qualitative or quantitative?

Question: Determine whether the variable is qualitative or quantitative Number of words in a speech Is the variable qualitative or quantitative? O A.

The variable is quantitative

because it is a numerical measure.

What does it mean when an observational study is prospective?

Prospective. A prospective study

watches for outcomes

, such as the development of a disease, during the study period and relates this to other factors such as suspected risk or protection factor(s). The study usually involves taking a cohort of subjects and watching them over a long period.

What is a manipulated variable?

More specifically, in an experiment, a variable can cause something to change, be the result of something that changed, or be controlled so it has no effect on anything. Variables that cause something to change are called

independent variables

or manipulated variables.

What's the difference between categorical and quantitative?

Categorical variables take

category or label values

and place an individual into one of several groups. … Quantitative variables take numerical values and represent some kind of measurement. In our medical example, age is an example of a quantitative variable because it can take on multiple numerical values.

What is a quantitative variable?

Quantitative Variables –

Variables whose values result from counting or measuring something

. Examples: height, weight, time in the 100 yard dash, number of items sold to a shopper. Qualitative Variables – Variables that are not measurement variables.

How do you identify a response variable?

Response Variables. The response variable is the focus of a

question in a study or experiment

. An explanatory variable is one that explains changes in that variable. It can be anything that might affect the response variable.

How do you identify the explanatory and response variables?

Explanatory vs response variables

The difference between explanatory and response variables is simple: An explanatory variable is the expected

cause

, and it explains the results. A response variable is the expected effect, and it responds to explanatory variables.

Is the variable qualitative or quantitative explain your reasoning?

Is the variable qualitative or​ quantitative? The

variable is quantitative

because it is a numerical measure. A variable that may assume only a countable and usually finite, number of values.

How do you check for confounding?

Identifying Confounding

A simple, direct way to determine whether a given risk factor caused confounding is

to compare the estimated measure of association before and after adjusting for confounding

. In other words, compute the measure of association both before and after adjusting for a potential confounding factor.

How do you get rid of confounding variables?

There are several methods you can use to decrease the impact of confounding variables on your research:

restriction, matching, statistical control and randomization

. In restriction, you restrict your sample by only including certain subjects that have the same values of potential confounding variables.

What happens when we ignore confounding?

Ignoring confounding when assessing the associ- ation between an exposure and an outcome variable can lead to

an over- estimate or underestimate of the true association between exposure and outcome

and can even change the direction of the observed effect.

What are confounding variables and what problems can they cause?

What problems can confounding variables cause?

They can cause the study to favor certain results unexpectedly

. They can cause incorrect conclusions to be drawn from the study. … The variables that were measured are not identified.

What is the difference between confounding and lurking variables?

Lurking variable. … It is not considered in the study but

could influence the relationship between the variables

in the study. Confounding variable. A variable that is in the study and is related to the other study variables, thus having an effect on the relationship between these variables.

How do you know if you have omitted variable bias?

You saw one method for finding confounding variables and detecting omitted variable bias in this post. If you include different combinations of independent variables in the model, and you

see the coefficients changing

, you're watching omitted variable bias in action!

What are examples of data collection?

• Surveys and Questionnaires. Surveys and questionnaires, in their most foundational sense, are a means of obtaining data from targeted respondents with the goal of generalizing the results to a broader public. …
• Interviews. …
• Observations. …
• Records and Documents. …
• Focus Groups.

What is the characteristics of the individuals within the population?

Inferential statistics uses methods that take a result from a sample, extend it to a population, and measure the reliability of the result.

Variables

are the characteristics of the individuals in the population.

Which of the following are the methods in collecting data?

• Interviews.
• Questionnaires and surveys.
• Observations.
• Documents and records.
• Focus groups.
• Oral histories.

Is weight qualitative or quantitative?

Yes, the weights are

quantitative data

because weight is a numerical variable that is measured.

What are the three types of observational study?

Three types of observational studies include

cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies

(Figure 1).

What is meant by confounding quizlet?

What is meant by​ confounding? Confounding in a study occurs

when the effects of two or more explanatory variables are not separated

. ​ Therefore, any relation that may exist between an explanatory variable and the response variable may be due to some other variable or variables not accounted for in the study.

What is meant by confounding variables?

A confounding variable (confounder) is

a factor other than the one being studied that is associated both with the disease (dependent variable) and with the factor being studied (independent variable)

. A confounding variable may distort or mask the effects of another variable on the disease in question.

Is Social Security number qualitative or quantitative?

Some variables, such as social security numbers and zip codes, take numerical values, but are not quantitative: They are

qualitative or categorical variables

. The sum of two zip codes or social security numbers is not meaningful.

Is the number of students at a high school qualitative or quantitative?

– The value is a parameter because the respondents who were high school students (grades 9-12) are a population. The value is a statistic because the respondents who were high school students (grades 9-12) are a sample. – the variable is

quantitative

because it is an attribute characteristic.

What type of variable is BMI?

A common example is to provide information about an individual's Body Mass Index by stating whether the individual is underweight, normal, overweight, or obese. This categorized BMI is an example of

an ordinal categorical variable

.

What are three examples of quantitative?

Is Cell Phone Number qualitative or quantitative?

Numbers like national identification number, phone number, etc. are however regarded as

qualitative data

because they are categorical and unique to one individual.

What are examples of manipulated variables?

Manipulated variable:

The number of hours spent studying

. This is the variable that the teacher manipulates to see how it affects exam scores. Response variable: The exam scores. This is the variable that changes as a result of the manipulated variable being changed.

What is a controlled experiment?

Definition of controlled experiment

:

an experiment in which all the variable factors in an experimental group and a comparison control group are kept the same except

for one variable factor in the experimental group that is changed or altered …

What do you call the things an experiment that must be the same to make it fair?

To insure a fair test, a good experiment has only

ONE independent variable

. As the scientist changes the independent variable, he or she records the data that they collect. The dependent variable is the item that responds to the change of the independent variable.

Is calories quantitative or categorical?

Number of calories and serving size are quantitative variables, and type of meat is a

categorical variable

. 16.

Is gender categorical or quantitative?

For example, gender is a

categorical data

because it can be categorized into male and female according to some unique qualities possessed by each gender.

Is shoe size quantitative or categorical?

Quantitative data

is information about quantities; that is, information that can be measured and written down with numbers. Some examples of quantitative data are your height, your shoe size, and the length of your fingernails.

What is the difference between response and predictor variables?

Variables of interest in an experiment (those that are measured or observed) are called response or dependent variables. Other variables in the experiment that affect the response and can be set or measured by the experimenter are called predictor, explanatory, or independent variables.

What is variable in research with example?

In research, variables are

any characteristics that can take on different values

, such as height, age, species, or exam score.

Is height an explanatory variable?

Example: Grade & Height

The explanatory variable is

grade level

. The response variable is height.