The side slope is usually specified as horiz:
vert = z:1.
A = (y/2)(b + b + 2zy), because B = b + 2zy, as can be seen from the diagram.
How do you find the slope of a trapezoid?
For example, if the two sides are three and four inches long, square three (nine) and four (16) and add the products (25).
Take the square root of the
resulting figure. If that result is 25, for example, the square root would be five. That number is the length of the missing slope of the trapezoid.
What is the formula for the area of a trapezoidal channel?
The hydraulic radius for flow in a trapezoidal open channel can be expressed in terms of y, b, and z, as follows: i) The cross-sectional area of flow, A, is the area of the trapezoid in Figure 4:
A = y(b + B)/2 = (y/2)(b + B)
How is channel slope calculated?
Calculate the channel slope. Using the formula,
slope equals change in elevation divided by ground distance
. For example, if the ground distance is 11/16 or 0.69 inches and the scale factor is 1 inch equals 2,000 feet per inch, this equals 1,380 feet. The channel slope is 10 divided by 1,380, which equals 0.0072.
What is side slope of channel?
The side slopes depend primarily on the
engineering properties of the material through which the channel is excavated
. 3. The freeboard refers to the vertical distance between either the top of the channel or the top of the channel lining and the water surface (design flow at normal depth).
Which channel has highest hydraulic radius?
Channel with given cross-sectional area (A) and slope (S) having highest hydraulic radius is the ideal channel form with maximum efficiency. Let cross-sectional shape be semicircular (Fig.
What is roughness coefficient?
A value used in Manning’s
formula to determine energy losses of flowing water
due to pipe or channel wall roughness.
What is bed slope in open channel?
The depth–slope product is
used to calculate the shear stress at the bed of
an open channel containing fluid that is undergoing steady, uniform flow. It is widely used in river engineering, stream restoration, sedimentology, and fluvial geomorphology.
What is slope in Manning equation?
The Mannings equation is an empirical equation that applies to uniform flow in open channels and is a function of the channel velocity, flow area and channel slope. Under the assumption of uniform flow conditions the
bottom slope is the same as the slope of the energy grade line and the water surface slope
.
How do you measure the slope of a river?
Gradient
is the slope of the stream and is measured by the difference in elevation between two points on a stream divided by the distance between the two points that the water actually flows. Gradient is usually expressed in feet per mile of meters per kilometer.
What is side slope in highway?
Side slope (Figure 5-2) is defined as
the slope of the cut or fill expressed as the ratio of horizontal distance to vertical distance
.
What is the best side slope for most economical trapezoidal section?
The best side slope for most economical trapezoidal section, is
30° 45
.
What is side slope in civil engineering?
The side slope of the canal depends upon the type of soil. It is assumed that after the due course of a run, the canal section would ultimately acquire a
1/2: 1 slope
. … This happens because silt gets deposited on the berms.
How do I calculate hydraulic radius?
Rh is the
hydraulic radius = A/P.
P is the wetted perimeter
What is hydraulic radius in open channel flow?
From the hydraulic radius definition:
RH = A/P
, where A is the cross sectional area of flow and P is its wetted perimeter
Which is the most efficient channel?
The corre- sponding cross section
will be the most efficient cross section. A circle has the least perimeter for a given area of any geometric shape. Semi-circular open channel will discharge more water than any other shape (assuming that the area, slope and surface roughness are the same).
