Extinction
is a basic behavioral principle. It occurs when a previously reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced, and as a result, the behavior decreases and stops occurring.
What may happen when a behavior is no longer reinforced?
extinction
: When a behavior ceases because it is no longer reinforced. interval: A period of time. ratio: A number representing a comparison between two things.
When a behavior that has been previously reinforced is no longer followed by reinforcing consequences and a result stops occurring in the future what is it called?
Extinction
is when a behavior is no longer reinforced and as a result, the behavior stops occurring. In an extinction burst, the behavior temporarily increases before it decreases.
When a behavior occurs again after it had not occurred for some time?
What is
spontaneous recovery during extinction
? Spontaneous recovery is when the problem behavior occurs again even after it has not occurred for some time. During extinction, a previously reinforced behavior is no longer followed by a reinforcer, and the behavior _________ in the future.
What does extinction mean in ABA?
Extinction:
When an observed behavior goes away entirely because of the reinforcement procedure that has been applied to the situation
. An extinction burst, occurs when the reinforcement that caused a behavior has been removed, initially there will be an increase in the observed behavior.
Is the name of the phenomenon that happens when the behavior occurs again in the future after it had been eliminated with extinction?
Spontaneous recovery
is when the behavior occurs again after extinction has decreased the behavior to zero.
Which is an example of extinction of a behavior maintained by negative reinforcement?
Another form of this procedure is extinction on behaviors maintained by negative reinforcement. This is commonly referred to as “escape extinction.” Example:
Dannie throws a tantrum when she doesn’t want to eat her food
. … This is commonly referred to as “sensory extinction.”
What influences the effectiveness of reinforcement?
Reinforcement can be affected by various factors, including the following:
Satiation
: the degree of need. If an employee is quite wealthy, for example, it may not be particularly reinforcing (or motivating) to offer a bonus. Immediacy: the time elapsed between the desired behavior and the reinforcement.
When extinction is used following intermittent reinforcement the behavior will be more resistant to extinction?
When extinction is used following the intermittent reinforcement, the behavior will be more resistant to extinction. When extinction is used following continuous reinforcement, the behavior will decrease more quickly. Extinction and negative reinforcement both decrease a behavior.
Which of the following is an example of overcorrection Marty?
Which of the following is an example of overcorrection?
Marty had to clean the bathroom wall because she wrote on it
. In which situations are differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior (DRL) used? What is the best course of action to take in the event of an extinction burst?
When a reinforcement follows a behavior very closely in time this is referred to as?
severity. effect on the behavior it follows. In order for punishment to be effective, the consequence should follow the behavior closely in time. This factor is referred to as:
immediacy
.
What is reinforcement in ABA?
The concept of reinforcement is one of the most important and utilized principles in applied behavior analysis. … Reinforcement occurs
when a behavior increases because of a consequence of either adding or subtracting something from the environment
.
When extinction begins and the behavior temporarily increases in frequency duration or intensity This phenomenon is called?
A clinically important side effect of extinction is the occurrence of the so-called
extinction burst
, which is an increase, albeit temporary, in the frequency or intensity of the target behavior at the beginning of the treatment (see Weiskop, Richdale, & Matthews (2005) for an extinction burst during treatment of …
Why would extinction not be appropriate as a simple intervention?
When you apply an extinction procedure the behavior may still happen. For this reason extinction isn’t always an appropriate choice for a behavioral intervention. … It might sound like an extinction procedure just means to
ignore problem behaviors
. There is an important distinction between Ignoring and Extinction.
When should extinction not be used ABA?
It is generally recommended that extinction is never used as the
only procedure in place to reduce the occurrence of a behaviour
(Miltenberger, 2008).
When a behavior is decreased with extinction but later occurs again?
Extinction is considered successful when responding in the presence of an extinction stimulus (a red light or a teacher not giving a bad student attention, for instance) is zero. When a behavior reappears again after it has gone through extinction, it is called
resurgence
.
What does it mean to say that behavior is lawful 2?
The lawful nature of behavior means that
all behavior is caused by environmental, external events and is entirely predictable
. This means that behavior in the world has a cause and is not by accident. Behavior is not random or unpredictable.
What are examples of negative reinforcement?
Deciding to
take an antacid before you indulge in a spicy meal
is an example of negative reinforcement. You engage in an action in order to avoid a negative result. One of the best ways to remember negative reinforcement is to think of it as something being subtracted from the situation.
Why is it called applied behavior analysis?
The name applied behavior analysis has
replaced behavior modification because the latter approach suggested attempting to change behavior without clarifying the relevant behavior-environment interactions
. … Further, the approach often seeks to develop socially acceptable alternatives for aberrant behaviors.
Which is an example of extinction of a behavior maintained by negative reinforcement quizlet?
Which is an example of extinction of a behavior maintained by negative reinforcement?
A problem behavior was maintained by terminating the toothbrushing task before it was completed.
Is extinction the same as negative reinforcement?
Negative punishment is an EVENT – the actual removal of something that causes the decrease in behavior. Extinction is
a
“NON-EVENT.” It is lack of reinforcement. Instead of getting something good to strengthen the behavior, or having something added or taken away to suppress it, nothing happens.
What does not impact the effectiveness of reinforcement?
What is a reinforcement contingency? How does a contingency influence the effectiveness of reinforcement? A reinforcement contingency exists when the response produces the consequence and the consequence does not occur
unless the response occurs first
.
When a behavior is reinforced in the presence of a specific stimulus but not in its absence it is known as training?
Discrimination training
involves reinforcing a behavior (e.g., pecking) in the presence of one stimulus but not others.
What impact does reinforcement have on a behavior?
Operant conditioning is a learning process in which new behaviors are acquired and modified through their association with consequences. Reinforcing a behavior
increases the likelihood it will occur again in the future
while punishing a behavior decreases the likelihood that it will be repeated.
What does intermittent reinforcement results in?
A partial or intermittent reinforcement schedule rewards
desired behaviors occasionally
, but not every single time. Behavior intermittently reinforced by a partial schedule is usually stronger. It is more resistant to extinction (more on this later).
Why is intermittent reinforcement so effective?
However, intermittent reinforcement of the kind used in schedules of reinforcement does have one important quality—it
produces robust responding that is significantly more resistant to extinction than when continuous reinforcement
is used (cf. Ferster & Skinner, 1957).
Which of the following are examples of behavior modification?
Examples of behavior modification which can be used to increase behavior are:
praise and approval, modeling, positive programming, shaping, token economy, self-monitoring, and shaping
.
Which of the following is an example of overcorrection ABA?
Positive practice overcorrection:
This technique is used when the child engages in a problem behavior, you require him to perform the correct behavior repeatedly. For example,
the child runs toward the prefer toy
.
When the behavior occurs the reinforcer is no longer delivered this is a definition of extinction of?
Extinction
works following positive reinforcement, but does not work following negative reinforcement. Extinction is when a behavior is no longer reinforced and as a result, the behavior stops occurring. In an extinction burst, the behavior temporarily increases before it decreases.
When should intermittent reinforcement occur?
One type of reinforcement effective in encouraging and motivating your child (without getting into an argument) is intermittent reinforcement.
Once a new behavior or response has been fully established or implemented
, parents might try to tackle partial or intermittent reinforcement to strengthen the new behavior.
What is overcorrection ABA?
Overcorrection is
a form of punishment sometimes used in behavior therapy to change maladaptive behaviors
. … This process involves requiring the person with autism to repeatedly perform the adaptive behavior in place of the maladaptive behavior, typically for a certain period of time.
When a reinforcer is withheld and a behavior temporarily increases in frequency or intensity before it decreases This is referred to as?
Extinction burst
. – Temporary increase in frequency or intensity of a. behavior immediately following extinction trials. Example.
How do behaviors become extinct?
In classical conditioning, extinction occurs
when the conditioned stimulus is applied repeatedly without being paired with the unconditioned stimulus
. Over time, the learned behavior occurs less often and eventually stops altogether, and conditioned stimulus returns to neural.
Is the name of the phenomenon that happens when the behavior occurs again in the future after it had been eliminated with extinction?
Spontaneous recovery
is when the behavior occurs again after extinction has decreased the behavior to zero.
What occurs when an event that follows a Behaviour results in a lower probability of that Behaviour in the future?
Events that decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future are called
punishers
. A positive punisher is an aversive event whose presentation follows an operant response. The positive punisher decreases the likelihood of the behavior occurring again under the same circumstances.
When a behavior that has been reinforced decreases as a result of a motivating operation this is considered?
An abolishing operation (AO)
is a motivating operation that decreases the value of a reinforcer (Cooper et al., 2007, p. 263). For example, after having juice, the value of juice as a reinforcer could potentially decrease.
When a behavior is eliminated by no longer providing the reinforcement the behavior is referred to as being?
Extinction
. no longer provide reinforcement to a behavior.
What is reinforcement in Behaviour?
Reinforcement is a term used in operant conditioning to refer
to anything that increases the likelihood that a response will occur
. Psychologist B.F. Skinner is considered the father of this theory. Note that reinforcement is defined by the effect that it has on behavior—it increases or strengthens the response.
What is reinforced behavior?
In behavioral psychology, reinforcement is
a consequence applied that will strengthen an organism’s future behavior whenever that behavior is preceded by a specific antecedent stimulus
. … Reinforcements traditionally align with self regulation.
Which is an example of extinction of a behavior maintained by negative reinforcement?
Another form of this procedure is extinction on behaviors maintained by negative reinforcement. This is commonly referred to as “escape extinction.” Example:
Dannie throws a tantrum when she doesn’t want to eat her food
. … This is commonly referred to as “sensory extinction.”
Which method of differential reinforcement allows reinforcement for any behavior except the target behavior?
Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors (DRO)
– Also known as omission training procedures – an instrumental conditioning procedure in which a positive reinforcement is periodically delivered only if the participant does something other than the target response.
